Chapter 9, Problem 81A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given reaction needs to be classified.

$\text{iron}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{fluorine}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{iron}\left(\text{III}\right)\text{fluoride}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

In Synthesis reaction, two reactants combine to give one larger product.

$\text{A}\text{+}\text{B}\to \text{AB}$

Answer to Problem 81A

The reaction,

${\text{2Fe+3F}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{2FeF}}_{\text{3}}$, is a type of synthesis reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The skeletal equation of the reaction

$\text{iron}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{fluorine}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{iron}\left(\text{III}\right)\text{fluoride}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{2Fe+3F}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{2FeF}}_{\text{3}}$

It is a type of synthesis reaction because here two components combined to give one single product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction needs to be classified.

$\text{sulfur}\text{trioxide}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}\text{water}\left(\text{l}\right)\to \text{sulfuric}\text{acid}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

In Synthesis reaction, two reactants combine to give one larger product.

$\text{A}\text{+}\text{B}\to \text{AB}$

Answer to Problem 81A

The reaction,

${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\to {\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$ is a synthesis reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The skeletal equation of the reaction

$\text{sulfur}\text{trioxide}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}\text{water}\left(\text{l}\right)\to \text{sulfuric}\text{acid}\left(\text{aq}\right)$ is,

${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\to {\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

It is a type of synthesis reaction because here two components combined to give one single product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction needs to be classified.

$\text{sodium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{sodium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

In displacement reaction, displacement of one element in a compound by another element takes place.

$\text{AB+}\text{C}\to \text{AC}\text{+}\text{B}$

Answer to Problem 81A

The reaction,

$\text{Na}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+MgI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{NaI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Mg}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is a single replacement reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The skeletal equation of the reaction

$\text{sodium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{sodium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

$\text{Na}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+MgI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{NaI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Mg}\left(\text{s}\right)$

It is a single replacement reaction because in this reaction, the sodium metal displaces magnesium metal to generate a magnesium metal and NaI.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction needs to be classified.

$\text{vanadium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{oxygen}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{vanadium}\left(\text{v}\right)\text{oxide}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

In Combustion reaction, a metal or a non-metal is burnt in presence of oxygen producing an oxide.

$\text{2A+}{\text{O}}_2\to 2\text{AO}$

Answer to Problem 81A

Thereaction,

$\text{V}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(excess)}\stackrel{\Delta }{\to }{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{5}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is a combustion reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The skeletal equation of the reaction

$\text{vanadium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{oxygen}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{vanadium}\left(\text{v}\right)\text{oxide}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

$\text{V}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(excess)}\stackrel{\Delta }{\to }{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{5}}\left(\text{s}\right)$.

It is a combustion reaction because, in this reaction vanadium metal combines with oxygen to form a metal oxide ${\text{V}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{5}}$.