Chapter 9, Problem 131A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration of a metalloid in group 13 needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Metalloids are those which show the intermediate properties between metals and non-metals. Total of eight metalloids is found in the periodic table. An element's electron configuration determines how its atomic orbitals exchange electrons.

Answer to Problem 131A

Electron configuration of boron is ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^1$.

Explanation of Solution

Boron is a metalloid which is held at group 13.

Atomic number of $\text{B=5}$

Electronic configuration of B is as follows:

${\text{B=1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^1$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron configuration of a non-metal in group 15, period 3 needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Group 15 elements are known as nitrogen family. An element's electron configuration determines how its atomic orbitals exchange electrons. Electron configurations of atoms follow a standard representation in which all atomic sub-shells containing electrons are grouped in a series.

Answer to Problem 131A

Electron configuration of P is ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^6{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{3}}$.

Explanation of Solution

Phosphorus is group 15 and period 3 element.

Atomic number of $\text{P=15}$

Electronic configuration of P s as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}{\text{P=1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^6{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{3}}\\ =\left[\text{Ne}\right]{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{3}}\end{array}$