Chapter 9, Problem 76A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the four types of chemical reactions is to be determined along with examples.

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

Answer to Problem 76A

Four chemical reactions are Synthesis reaction, Decomposition reaction, Combustion reaction and Replacement reaction.

Explanation of Solution

In synthesis reaction, two reactants combine to give one larger product.

$\text{A}\text{+}\text{B}\to \text{AB}$

For example, $\text{2Na}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{2NaCl}\left(\text{s}\right)$

In decomposition reaction, a large substrate breaks into two or more smaller substrates.

$\text{AB}\to \text{A}\text{+}\text{B}$

For example, ${\text{2NaN}}_3\left(\text{s}\right)\to \text{2Na}\left(\text{s}\right)+3{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

In combustion reaction, a metal or a non-metal is burnt in presence of oxygen producing an oxide.

$\text{2A+}{\text{O}}_2\to 2\text{AO}$

For example, $\text{C}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)$

In replacement reaction, displacement of one element in a compound by another element takes place.

$\text{AB+}\text{C}\to \text{AC}\text{+}\text{B}$

For example, $\text{2Li}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\to \text{2LiOH}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)$

Conclusion

Four chemical reactions are synthesis reaction, decomposition reaction, combustion reaction and replacement reaction.