Forced air at 250C and 10 m/s is used to cool electronic elements mounted on a circuit board. Consider a chip of length 4 mm and width 4 mm located 120 mm from the leading edge. Because the board surface is irregular, the flow is disturbed and the appropriate convection correlation is of the form
Estimate the surface temperature of the chip,
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Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
- An air heater may be fabricated by coiling Nichrome wire and passing air in cross flow over the wire. Consider a heater fabricated from wire of diameter D = 1 mm, electrical resistivity pe = 106 Q-m, thermal conductivity k = 25 W/m-K, and emissivity & = 0.2. The heater is designed to deliver air at a temperature of T = 350°C under flow conditions that provide a convection coefficient of h = 350 W/m²-K for the wire. The temperature of the housing that encloses the wire and through which the air flows is Tsur = 50°C. (a) If the maximum allowable temperature of the wire is Tmax = 1200°C, what is the maximum allowable electric current I? If the maximum available voltage is AE = 110 V, what is (b) the corresponding length L of wire that may be used in the heater and (c) the power rating of the heater? Hint: In your solution, assume negligible temperature variations within the wire, but after obtaining the desired results, assess the validity of this assumption. Wire (D, L,Pe, k,&, Tmax) ↑1…arrow_forwardAir at 2 bar and 40°C is heated as it flows through tube of diameter 30mm at a velocity of 10 m/s. Calculate the heat transfer per unit length of the tube when wall temperature is maintained at 100°C all along length of the tube. How much would be the bulk temperature increase over one metre length of the tube ? Use the following relation : Nu = 0.023 Re08 Pr04 u = 20.6 x 106 N- s/m?: Pr = 0.694 c, 1.009 kJ/kg°C; k = 0.0297 kg/m°C;arrow_forwardAir at 20 ◦ C flows inside a pipe 18-mm-ID having a uniform heat flux of 150 W/m 2 on the surface, the average flow velocity at entry being 1.0 m/s. The air pressure is 2 bar. Determine the value of convection coefficient. If the pipe is 2.5 m long, determine the air exit temperature and the wall temperature at the exit. Assume fully developed hydrodynamic boundary layer.arrow_forward
- Compute the Nu numbers for air at 40°C flowing with 4 m/s speed over the following: 1) A Copper sphere of 5 cm in diameter with 80°C isothermal surface temperature 2) A circular Aluminum pipe of 6 cm in diameter with 80°C isothermal surface temperature 3) A bank of 20x20 5-mm diameter tubes arranged in-line with center-to-center distance of 20 mm. Each tube is assumed to have isothermal temperature of 80°C. Please show detailed calculations.arrow_forwardConsider two cases involving parallel flow of dry air at V = 4.5 m/s, T, = 45°C, and atmospheric pressure over an isothermal plate at T = 20°C. In the first case, Re= 5x 105, while in the second case the flow is tripped to a turbulent state atx = 0 m. At whatx -location, in m, are the thermal boundary layer thicknesses of the two cases equal? What are the local heat fluxes, in W/m?, at this location for the two cases? x = i m Jam i W/m? i W/m? I turbarrow_forwardcan you please work all these parts please pleasearrow_forward
- A printed circuit board with constant surface temperature dissipates 100 W from one side over an area (0.3 mx 0.2 m). A fan is use to cool this board with a flow speed of 12 m/s parallel to the longest dimension of the board. Calculate: 1. The surface temperature of the board for an air temperature of 30 C. 2. Thickness of hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer. 3. Amount of change in heat transfer rate if the flow parallel to the short dimension. Cp-1000 J/kg.K, k-0.03 W/m.C, Pr-0.667, u = 2 x 105 kg/m.s, p=1.15 kg/m³ Laminar flow, Nu= 0.664Rel/2Pr1/3, Turbule flow, Nu= 0.037Re4/5Prl/3arrow_forwardConsider two cases involving parallel flow of dry air at V = 5 m/s, T = 45°C, and atmospheric pressure over an isothermal plate at T = 20°C. In the first case, Rex, = 5 x 105, while in the second case the flow is tripped to a turbulent state at x = 0 m. At what x-location, in m, are the thermal boundary layer thicknesses of the two cases equal? What are the local heat fluxes, in W/m², at this location for the two cases? x = d'am = qturb = Mc i m W/m² W/m²arrow_forwardAir at 400C flows with a velocity of 7 m/s over a 5m long and 4m wilde surface of a flat plate whose surface temperature is 800C. Find the rate of heat transfer from the laminar flow region of the surface. (For air at 400C , V = 1.702 × 10-5 , pr = 0.7255, K = 0.02662 w/m . K).arrow_forward
- Air with free stream temperature of 10 C is flowing over a flat plate (1.5m long and Im wide). The air is flowing along 1.5m side of the plate. The plate is maintained at 90 C. Find the velocity of air required to have a rate of heat dissipation as 3.75 kW. Use the correlations: Nu =0.664Res Pro3 for laminar flow Nu, = (0.037R *-871)Pr for turbulent flow Take the properties p = 1.0877 kg/m u=2.029x10 m/s, k=0.028 W/mK, C,-1.007KJ/kg.K and Pr=0.703 %3Darrow_forwardAir at 2 atm. and 20oC is heated as it passes through a tube of 25 mm ID with a velocity of 10m/s. The temperature of the tube wall is maintained at 100oC. Calculate heat transfer per unit length of the tube and the bulk temperature change over a 3m length of the tubearrow_forwardHot water at 50 °C is routed from one building in which it is generated to an adjoining building in 2. which it is used for space heating. Transfer between the buildings occurs in a steel pipe (k 60 w/m.K) of 100-mm outside diameter and 8-mm wall thickness. During the winter, representative environmental conditions involve air at T.. = -5 °C and h 20 w/m2K in cross flow over the pipe. If the cost of producing the hot water is $0.05 per kwh, what is the representative daily a) cost of energy loss from an uninsulated pipe to the air per meter of pipe length? b) Determine the savings associated with application of a 10-mm-thick coating of urethane insulation (k 0.026 W/m. K) to the outer surface of the pipe.arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning