Chapter 22.1, Problem 5SSC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 2-chlorobutane needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. For example, alcohol group will have suffix −ol, aldehyde will have suffix −al. If there is no functional group the suffix will be −ane. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 5SSC

Explanation of Solution

The given name of the compound is 2-chlorobutane.

The root name is “but” thus, there are 4 carbon atoms in the main chain. Prefix 2-chloro indicates the presence of chlorine atom on the 2^nd position.

Thus, the structure of compound will be:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of 1, 3-difluorohexane needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. For example, alcohol group will have suffix −ol, aldehyde will have suffix −al. If there is no functional group the suffix will be −ane. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 5SSC

Explanation of Solution

The given name of the compound is 1, 3-difluorohexane.

The root name is “hex” thus, there are 6 carbon atoms in the main chain. Prefix 3-difluoro indicates the presence of 2 fluorine atoms each on 1^st and 3^rd position.

Thus, the structure of compound will be:

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. For example, alcohol group will have suffix −ol, aldehyde will have suffix −al. If there is no functional group the suffix will be −ane. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 5SSC

Explanation of Solution

The given name of the compound is 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane.

The root name is “eth” thus, there are 2 carbon atoms in the main chain. Prefix 1, 1, 1-trichloro indicates the presence of 3 chlorine atoms and all on the 1^st position.

Thus, the structure of compound will be:

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The structure of 4-bromo-1-chlorobenzene needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The aryl halides are named after determining the halide group present in it. Generally in organic compounds, on the benzene substitution of different groups result in the formation of different compounds. The carbon atoms in the ring are numbered first and then the sides groups are identified. The naming of the side groups is done by following the alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 5SSC

Explanation of Solution

The given name of the compound is 4-bromo-1-chlorobenzene.

According to the name, there is a benzene ring with one bromine and one chlorine atom at 4^th and 1^st position respectively.

Thus, the structure of compound will be: