Chapter 22, Problem 65A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure and name of the organic compound formed by reaction of ethene and water need to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In a substitution reaction, one functional group is replaced by other functional group. In addition reaction, two reactants simply add to form a single product. In condensation reaction, addition of two reactants takes place after removal of water molecule. The elimination reaction results when removal of two substituent groups takes place from a molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The addition of water to alkene in the presence of an acid results in the formation of an alcohol. This is known as hydration of an alkene.

For example:

Thus, the alcohol formed from ethane will be ethanol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure and name of the organic compound formed by reaction of ethene and hydrogen need to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In a substitution reaction, one functional group is replaced by other functional group. In addition reaction, two reactants simply add to form a single product. In condensation reaction, addition of two reactants takes place after removal of water molecule. The elimination reaction results when removal of two substituent groups takes place from a molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Ethene can reacts with hydrogen gas to form ethane. This result in simple addition of H atom each on the two C atoms joined via a double bond.

The reaction is reduction of ethane to ethane and this is represented as follows:

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure and name of the organic compound formed by reaction of ethene and hydrogen chloride need to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In a substitution reaction, one functional group is replaced by other functional group. In addition reaction, two reactants simply add to form a single product. In condensation reaction, addition of two reactants takes place after removal of water molecule. The elimination reaction results when removal of two substituent groups takes place from a molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The addition reaction of hydrogen chloride to alkene results in the formation of alkyl halide or alkyl chloride.

Thus, the reaction results in the formation of ethyl chloride.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The structure and name of the organic compound formed by reaction of ethene and fluorine need to be determined.

Concept introduction:

In a substitution reaction, one functional group is replaced by other functional group. In addition reaction, two reactants simply add to form a single product. In condensation reaction, addition of two reactants takes place after removal of water molecule. The elimination reaction results when removal of two substituent groups takes place from a molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Ethene reacts with fluorine to form carbon and hydrogen fluoride.

The reaction of fluorine gas is very explosive in nature. The reaction is represented as follows: