Chapter 22, Problem 62A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of butanone needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is butanone. From the name it can be seen that it must have 4 carbon atoms in the main chain with a ketone group.

Thus, the structure will be as follows:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of propanal needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is propanal. From the name it can be seen that it must have 3 carbon atoms in the main chain with an aldehyde group.

Thus, the structure will be as follows:

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of hexanoic acid needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is hexanoic acid. From the name it can be seen that it must have 6 carbon atoms in the main chain with a carboxylic acid.

Thus, the structure will be as follows:

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The structure of heptanoamide needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. The naming of organic compounds is done by considering three main terms which are prefix, suffix and the root name. The longest chain in the compound is first identified and named that will be the root name for the compound. For example, if there are 3 carbon atoms in the longest chain, the root name will be “prop”. To determine the suffix, functional group should be identified. In the last step, side groups are identified and named. Prefix is used to give number of side groups and substituent’s present on the main carbon chain.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is heptanoamide. From the name it can be seen that it must have 7 carbon atoms in the main chain with an amide group.

Thus, the structure will be as follows: