Consider Problem 6.17. The stationary plate, ambient air, and surroundings are at
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Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
- A thermocouple junction of spherical form is to be used to measure the temperature of a gas stream. h = 400w/m^2 deg C; k(thermocouple junction) = 20 w/m deg C; cp = 400 J/kg deg C; and density = 8500 kg/m^3;Calculate the following:i. Junction diameter needed for the thermocouple to have the thermal time constant of one second.ii. Time required for the thermocouple junction to reach 198 deg C if junction is initially at 25 deg C and is placed in gas stream which is at 200 deg C.arrow_forwardConduction 1. A thermodynamic analysis of a proposed Brayton cycle gas turbine yields P= 5 MW of net power production. The compressor, at an average temperature of T. = 400°C, is driven by the turbine at an average temperature of T₁ = 1000°C by way of an L = 1m-long, d= 70mm - diameter shaft of thermal conductivity k = 40 W/m K. Compressor min T Combustion chamber Shaft L Turbine Th out (a) Compare the steady-state conduction rate through the shaft connecting the hot turbine to the warm compressor to the net power predicted by the thermodynamics- based analysis. (b) A research team proposes to scale down the gas turbine of part (a), keeping all dimensions in the same proportions. The team assumes that the same hot and cold temperatures exist as in part (a) and that the net power output of the gas turbine is proportional to the overall volume of the device. Plot the ratio of the conduction through the shaft to the net power output of the turbine over the range 0.005 m s Ls 1 m. Is a…arrow_forwardA plane-inclined pad thrust bearing is 160mm wide and 40mm long in the direction of sliding. The sliding velocity is 6 m/s and the bearing is supported so that the inlet film thickness is always three times the outlet film thickness. A load 18 kN is carried by the bearing and Tellus 37 oil is supplied at an inlet temperature of 40̊ C. Assuming that 80% of the heat generated in the bearing is carried away by the oil, describe the operating characteristics of the bearing (Pm, Q, F, tm,). Density is 875 kg/m3 and specific heat is Cp=1.880 J/g-K.arrow_forward
- A thermocouple junction is in the form of 8 mm diameter sphere. Properties of materialare: Cp = 420 J/kg-K; ρ = 8000 kg/m3 ; k = 40 W/m-K; h = 40 W/m2 -K. This junction isinitially at 40 oC and inserted in a stream of hot air at 300 oC. Find the following:a. Time constant of the thermocouple.b. The thermocouple is taken out from the hot air after 10 seconds and kept in still airat 30 oC. Assuming the heat transfer coefficient in air is 10 W/m2-oC, find thetemperature attained by the junction 20 seconds after removal from hot air.arrow_forwardplease solve it i need urgent A naturally-aspirated (NA) oil engine (i.e., a slow-speed CI Engine) which produces one power pulse in two revolutions of its crankshaft is to be designed to operate with the following characteristic at sea level where the mean atmospheric conditions are Pa = 101325 N/m2 and ta = 17°C. The value of gas constant of air is Ra = 0.287 kJ/(kg·K). Gross brake power, Wb, gross = 300 kW Volumetric efficiency, hvol = 80% Brake specific fuel consumption, sfcb = 255 g/(kW·h) Actual air-to-fuel ratio, (A/F)act = (m a / m f )act = 17:1 Angular speed of the shaft, w = 125 rad/s Calculate: (i) The required engine capacity Vs, total in cc (cm3), as well as in litres (L); Vs is the swept volume, and (ii) the brake mean effective pressure ( Pbm ). The engine is fitted with a supercharger (SC) so that it may be operated at an al- titude, z, of 3000 m (above sea level) where the atmospheric pressure (Pa) in N/m2 is determined from the following relation: Pa =…arrow_forwardbetween two concentric spherical sheets there is air. The inner spherical sheet has a radius of 10 cm and is filled with ice at 0 ° C, the outer spherical sheet has a radius of 10.05 cm and is at a temperature of 15 ° C. What amount of heat will be transmitted from one sheet to another by conductivity ends in 1/4 hour ?. Considering that the air is pressurized, it is considered to be 15 N / m ^ 2 and at a temperature of 2 ° C. The diameter of the air molecules is taken equal to 3 x 10 ^ -10 m. the molar mass of air is taken equal to 29 g / mol; Boltzman's constant k = 1.38 x 10 ^ -23 J / Karrow_forward
- Number 4 A food product wants to be produced in a small round shape (pellet) by freezing it in a water blast freezer freezer. Air freezer operates at a temperature of -35 ° C. The initial product temperature is 25 ° C. The pellet has a diameter of 1.2 cm, and a density of 980 kg / m³. The initial freezing temperature is -2.5 ° C. The latent heat of freezing of the product is 280 kJ / kg. The thermal conductivity of the frozen product is 1.9 W / (m ° C). The convective heat transfer coefficient is 50 W / (m² K). Calculate the freeze time. identify : a. tf = Answer in hourarrow_forwardNUMBER 4 A food product wants to be produced in a small round shape (pellet) by freezing it in a water blast freezer freezer. Air freezer operates at -30 ° C. The initial product temperature is 25 ° C. The pellet has a diameter of 1.2 cm, and a density of 980 kg / m³. The initial freezing temperature is -2.5 ° C. The latent heat of freezing of the product is 280 kJ / kg. The thermal conductivity of the frozen product is 1.9 W / (m ° C). The convective heat transfer coefficient is 50 W / (m² K). Calculate the freeze time. t f = hourarrow_forwardWhen viscous dissipation is appreciable, the energy balance of a convective system must include the viscous effects of the fluid, so a third term is added to the energy balance: A slide bearing (pillow block) can be idealized as a static plate and a plane that moves parallel to it. The rotary axis of such a system has a diameter of 100 mm and rotates at 3600 rpm inside the bearing, which has a gap between the plates of 0.5 mm. The system is lubricated by oil, with a density of 800 kg / m, a viscosity of 0 01 kg / ms and a thermal conductivity of 0:14 W / mk. The top and bottom surfaces of the bearing are at 60 ° C. Considering the viscous effects of the oil, determine a) The maximum temperature of the oil. FC b) Bottom plate heat flux per unit length W / m Write down all assumptions madearrow_forward
- Heat Transferarrow_forwardno previous attempt pleasearrow_forwardAn ESP with a total plate area of 5000 m2 treats 8000 m3/min of air containing particulate matter of essentially one diameter. If the electrostatic force per unit mass cm a particle is 2000 times the force of gravity and the slip-corrected characteristic time, z,for this partidedn-air system is 5.1(10)-6 sec, calculate the efficiency of the ESP,arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning