Concept explainers
a)
Interpretation: Each transition state in below diagram should be marked with double dagger
Concept introduction: Energetics of a reaction describes the energy associated with different components during the process of reaction. Energy diagram is a plot of energy along
b)
Interpretation: Number of steps in each reaction below should be determined.
Concept introduction: Energetics of a reaction describes the energy associated with different components during the process of reaction. Energy diagram is a plot of energy along
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- 3. a) Draw a reaction coordinate diagram of an exothermic reaction, A – B that occurs in a single step. b) In the above reaction, which molecules will have more kinetic energy – A or B? c) If you use a catalyst to speed up the reaction, how will that affect reaction coordinate?arrow_forwardReaction coordinate diagrams: Two-step diagram. Label the reactant (R), product (P), intermediate (I"), and transition states (TS; and TS2), plus the axis with appropriate units/labels. 1) Break the diagram up into 2 steps. Which one is the slow step? The fast step? 2) Endothermic or exothermic? Suppose a is added to step one. Sketch the effect of this addition on the diagram. You can identify the intermediates and by remembering: Intermediates are and then Catalysts are added to a reaction (like a reactant), and are at the end. Practice: Identify the reactants, products, intermediate(s), and catalyst(s). Put a star next to the rate-determining step. Step 1 A+B AB (fastest) Step 2 C + AB → ABC Step 3 ABC + D→ ACD + B (fast) diyarrow_forwardConsider the reaction energy diagram shown below. The reaction shown is reversible, it can proceed from reagents-> products or produCts->reagents. In which direction do you think the reaction has a higher rate constant, k? reactants Reaction pregresk O a. both k's are the same. b. reactants-> products has the higher k. C. reactants to products always has the larger k d. products -> reactants has the higher k. Posential cncrgyarrow_forward
- 9. Sketch an energy diagram for a one-step reaction that is fast and exergonic. 10. Sketch an energy diagram for a two-step exergonic reaction whose second step has a lower- energy transition state than its first step. Show on the diagram AG° for the overall reaction.arrow_forward5. Draw the energy diagram for the following reaction in the reaction coordinate drawn below. HCI + H20 –→ H3O+ + Cl In your energy diagram, account for the fact that a) the reaction is very fast b) the reaction is strongly exergonic Clearly label all reactants, products, transition states, intermediates, and their energies.arrow_forwardUse the energy diagram for the reaction A D to answer the questions. How many transition states are there in the reaction? transition states: How many intermediates are there in the reaction? D Reaction progress intermediates: Which step of the reaction is the fastest? Which step of the reaction has the smallest rate constant? Assume the frequency factor (A) is the same for for each elementary reaction. Is the overall reaction exothermic or endothermic? O exothermic O cannot determine from the diagram O endothermic Potential energyarrow_forward
- Consider the following energy diagram. Energy Reaction coordinate a. How many steps are involved in this reaction? b. Label AH and E₂ for each step, and label AH overall- c. Label each transition state. d. Which point on the graph corresponds to a reactive intermediate? e. Which step is rate-determining? f. Is the overall reaction endothermic or exothermic?arrow_forwardDo not answer in image formatarrow_forwardTo preview the image for energy diagram click here & Br CH3OH heat A B Energy Energy T Br CH3OH heat Energy Reaction Coordinate Energy Reaction Coordinate Answer the following questions for Reaction A 1. Assign the as SN1, SN2, E1 or E2 [Select] 2. Number of sets of intermediates [Select] 3. Number of transition states [Select] 4. Choose the correct energy diagram [Select] Answer the following questions for Reaction B 5. Assign the as SN1, SN2, E1 or E2 [Select] 6. Number of sets of intermediates [Select] 7. Number of transition states [Select] 8. Choose the correct energy diagram [Select] Reaction Coordinate IV Reaction Coordinatearrow_forward
- Consider the following energy diagram. a.How many steps are involved in this reaction? b. Label ΔHo and Ea for each step, and label ΔHooverall. c.Label each transition state. d.Which point on the graph corresponds to a reactive intermediate? e.Which step is rate-determining? f. Is the overall reaction endothermic or exothermic?arrow_forwardWhat reaction out of each pair is faster (SN2 reaction help plz)arrow_forwardPlease follow directions carefully.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning