The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn. Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is s p 2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry. The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows: Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the second carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The force that drives this rearrangement should be illustrated.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

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1.

Draw the products of the reaction shown. Electron flow is indicated with curved arrows.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the second carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The force that drives this rearrangement should be illustrated.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the second carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The force that drives this rearrangement should be illustrated.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the second carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The force that drives this rearrangement should be illustrated.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the second carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The force that drives this rearrangement should be illustrated.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the first carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Some special carbocation may attain stability via ring explosion. This also occurs since five-membered rings are more stable than strained three or four-membered ring.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the second carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The curved arrow to show electron movement in the second carbocation rearrangement should be drawn.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The force that drives this rearrangement should be illustrated.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The force that drives this rearrangement should be illustrated.

Concept introduction: Carbocation is a general term employed for a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. In carbocation, carbon is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons so it behaves as an electron-deficient species. It is sp2 hybridized with a vacant p orbital and has a planar geometry.

The order of relative stability of various possible carbocation species is as follows:

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 3CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 4CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 5CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 6CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 7CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 8CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 9CTQ Ch. 8 - Prob. 10CTQ

Solution Summary: The author describes carbocation as a postively charged carbon irrespective of valency of carbon. It is bonded to 3 atoms or groups and has only sextet of electrons.

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