Interpretation: The complete mechanism that includes the intermediate and most likely product of given reactants with
Concept introduction:
The product formed is governed by Markovnikov’s Rule. Rule suggests that negative part of halo acid HX must go to the carbon that has more alkyl substituents or less
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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- Alkynes do not react directly with aqueous acid as do alkenes, but will do so in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate as a Lewis acid catalyst. The reaction occurs with Markovnikov regiochemistry, so the OH group adds to the more highly substituted carbon and the H adds to the less highly substituted carbon. The initial product of the reaction is a vinyl alcohol, also called an enol. The enol immediately rearranges to a more stable ketone via tautomerization. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions -X티 Hö: H-O -CH3 -CH3 H30*arrow_forward12) Use the curved arrow formalism to show the movement of electron pairs in the following reaction and label each reactant as a nucleophile or an electrophile. CHÍNH CHỊCH, + CO Học Nha CH₂CH₂CIarrow_forwardorgo chem questionsarrow_forward
- Draw an approximate reaction-energy diagram showing the curves for the two possible pathways for ionic addition of HBr to 1-methylcyclohexene. (a) Formation of the major product, 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane, and (b) formation of the minor product, 1-bromo-2-methylcyclohexane. Point out how these curves show that 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane should be formed fasterarrow_forward(b) Consider the reaction of 1-bromobutane with a large excess of ammonia (NH3). Draw the reactants, the transition state, andthe products. Note that the initial product is the salt of an amine (RNH3+ Br - ), which is deprotonated by the excess ammonia to give the amine.arrow_forwardExplain the different products of the following two reactions by considering the mechanism by which each reaction proceeds. As part of your explanation, use the curved arrow formalism to draw a mechanism for each reaction. CH,OH CH2=CH-CH-CH, + Na*¯OCH, CH;=CH-CH-CH3 Br OCH, CH,=CH-CH-CH, + CH,OH – CH,=CH–CH–CH, + CH,CH=CHCH, Br OCH, OCH,arrow_forward
- Draw the major organic product formed by reaction of 2-hexyne with the following reagent: H2/ Lindlar catalyst. Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes. In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material.arrow_forwardKindly answer question a & barrow_forwardCCH H20, H2SO4 H9SO4 CH3 Alkynes do not react directly with aqueous acid as do alkenes, but will do so in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate as a Lewis acid catalyst. The reaction occurs with Markovnikov regiochemistry, so the OH group adds to the more highly substituted carbon and the H adds to the less highly substituted carbon. The initial product of the reaction is a vinyl alcohol, also called an enol. The enol immediately rearranges to a more stable ketone via tautomerization. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions Hjö: -CH3 -CH3 H3O*arrow_forward
- reaction of this alkene to the different reagents written above and below the arrowsarrow_forwardNitesharrow_forwardCH3 CH3 Br- Br2 .CH3 CH2Cl2 CH3 H3C H3C Br Electrophilic addition of bromine, Brɔ, to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH,Cl,. In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C H3C :Br: :Br:arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning