Chapter 3, Problem 56A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The characteristics of the mixture should be described.

Concept introduction:

The mixture can be defined as a physically combined material made up of two or more different substances.

Answer to Problem 56A

The substances in the mixture can be separated; the energy change (enthalpy of mixing) is very low or negligible.

Explanation of Solution

The main characteristics of the mixture are given as follows:

1. Mixture is always made up of two or more different substance, which are physically combined.
2. The identity or the chemical properties of the different substances present in the mixture are retained.
3. The substances present in the mixture can be separated by using physical methods, such as freezing, filtration or distillation.
4. The substances in the mixture may have variable composition. For example, 1 table spoon of sugar in 1 glass of water and 2 table spoon of sugar in 1 glass of water, both are referred to as mixture of sugar and water.
5. It can be divided into two types, homogenous (evenly distributed solute) and heterogenous (not evenly distributed).
6. Enthalpy change in the formation of mixture is negligible.

Conclusion

The mixture is formed of two or more substances, which can be present in a variable proportion and can be separated by the physical methods.