Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Aluminum has a silvery color whether it is a physical or chemical property needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
The nature of any substance is explained by their chemical properties and physical properties.
A physical property describes the physical changes of a substance. Physical change is a temporary change; it is a reversible change. For example, color, mass, volume, etc.
A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed and absorption of energy or loss of energy occurs; it is an irreversible change. For example, rusting, dissolving, etc.

Answer to Problem 38A
Aluminum has silvery color is a physical property.
Explanation of Solution
The physical property is fixed for particular substances, while chemical property changes under the different conditions. The chemical property varies for a particular compound.
The color explains the physical appearance of the substance. So, Aluminum has silvery color is a physical property.
In a chemical change, important point is the formation of a new substance; in the given example, no new substance is formed. So, it is not considered in a chemical change.
(b)
Interpretation:
The gold has a density
Concept introduction:
The nature of any substance is explained by their chemical properties and physical properties.
A physical property describes the physical changes of a substance. Physical change is a temporary change; it is a reversible change. For example, color, mass, volume, etc.
A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed and absorption of energy or loss of energy occurs; it is an irreversible change. For example, rusting, dissolving, etc.

Answer to Problem 38A
The gold has a density
Explanation of Solution
If the amount of substance increases or decreases, the density remains the same for substance. The density is the ratio of two extensive properties, mass, and volume. Density is fixed for any substance. So, the gold has a density
In a chemical change, important point is the formation of a new substance; in the given example, no new substance is formed. So, it is not considered in a chemical change.
(c)
Interpretation:
Sodium ignites when dropped in water whether it is a physical or chemical property needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
The nature of any substance is explained by their chemical properties and physical properties.
A physical property describes the physical changes of a substance. Physical change is a temporary change; it is a reversible change. For example, color, mass, volume, etc.
A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed and absorption of energy or loss of energy occurs; it is an irreversible change. For example, rusting, dissolving, etc.
(c)

Answer to Problem 38A
The process of ignites sodium in water is a chemical property.
Explanation of Solution
Sodium is metal and when it reacts with water, it ignites and releases hydrogen gas. In this reaction, the property of reactant and product is different from each other. In this reaction new substance is formed. So, it is considered as chemical property.
The statement in the given question is an irreversible process. So, it is not considered as physical change.
(d)
Interpretation:
Water boils at
Concept introduction:
The nature of any substance is explained by their chemical properties and physical properties.
A physical property describes the physical changes of a substance. Physical change is a temporary change; it is a reversible change. For example, color, mass, volume, etc.
A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed and absorption of energy or loss of energy occurs; it is an irreversible change. For example, rusting, dissolving, etc.

Answer to Problem 38A
Water boils at
Explanation of Solution
The boiling point of water is a constant value. At temperature
In a chemical change, important point is the formation of a new substance; in the given example, no new substance is formed. So, it is not considered in a chemical change.
(e)
Interpretation:
The process of tarnish silver is a physical or chemical property needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The nature of any substance is explained by their chemical properties and physical properties.
A physical property describes the physical changes of a substance. Physical change is a temporary change; it is a reversible change. For example, color, mass, volume, etc.
A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed and absorption of energy or loss of energy occurs; it is an irreversible change. For example, rusting, dissolving, etc.

Answer to Problem 38A
Tarnishing of silver is the chemical property.
Explanation of Solution
When the silver reacts with atmospheric sulfur it changes and form a new substance in the form of sulfide. So, it is a chemical property.
The statement in the given question is an irreversible process. So, it is not considered as physical change.
(f)
Interpretation:
Mercury is liquid at room temperature, whether it is a physical property or chemical property needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
The nature of any substance is explained by their chemical properties and physical properties.
A physical property describes the physical changes of a substance. Physical change is a temporary change; it is a reversible change. For example, color, mass, volume, etc.
A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed and absorption of energy or loss of energy occurs; it is an irreversible change. For example, rusting, dissolving, etc.

Answer to Problem 38A
Mercury is a liquid at room temperature is a physical property.
Explanation of Solution
The
In a chemical change, important point is the formation of a new substance; in the given example, no new substance is formed. So, it is not considered in a chemical change.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry: Matter and Change
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