Chapter 3, Problem 58A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The separation technique used for iron filling and sand should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The mixture is the combination of different substances in a non-distinct proportion. The separation methods of the mixtures can be described as the technique used for the separation various substance in the mixture. Some of these methods are magnetic separation, filtration distillation, sublimation, chromatography and evaporation.

Answer to Problem 58A

Magnetic separation.

Explanation of Solution

The separation technique is based on the difference in the characters of the substances present in the mixture. The difference between iron and sand is iron is magnetic, so, using a magnet, iron can be separated from the mixture.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The separation technique used for sand and salt should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The mixture is the combination of different substances in a non-distinct proportion. The separation methods of the mixtures can be described as the technique used for the separation various substance in the mixture. Some of these methods are magnetic separation, filtration distillation, sublimation, chromatography and evaporation.

Answer to Problem 58A

Dissolving, filtration and evaporation.

Explanation of Solution

The separation technique is based on the difference in the characters of the substances present in the mixture. The salt is soluble in water and sand is not, so, the sand can be mixed by dissolving the mixture in water and filtration of the sand. The salt solution can be separated by the evaporation technique. The salt will be left and the water will be evaporated.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The separation technique used component of ink should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The mixture is the combination of different substances in a non-distinct proportion. The separation methods of the mixtures can be described as the technique used for the separation various substance in the mixture. Some of these methods are magnetic separation, filtration distillation, sublimation, chromatography and evaporation.

Answer to Problem 58A

Chromatography.

Explanation of Solution

The chromatography can be defined as a technique of separation and purification of the different substances. There are two phases in the stationary and mobile phase. The technique of chromatography relies on the principle that there is a differential migration of the substances in the mixture (mobile phase) through the stationary phase. The component of ink can be separated by running it on a chromatographic paper.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The separation technique used oxygen and helium should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The mixture is the combination of different substances in a non-distinct proportion. The separation methods of the mixtures can be described as the technique used for the separation various substance in the mixture. Some of these methods are magnetic separation, filtration distillation, sublimation, chromatography and evaporation.

Answer to Problem 58A

Dissolving and filtration.

Explanation of Solution

The separation technique is based on the difference in the characters of the substances present in the mixture. The oxygen forms bond with hydrogen, so the oxygen can be dissolved with hydrogen and then the mixture is filtered through a porous membrane, through which helium can be separated.