Chapter 3, Problem 15STP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Separated the three substances, based on the given properties.

Concept introduction:

The properties of the substances are different from each other; so, they are separated by different steps. The various components are distinguished from the mixture.

Answer to Problem 15STP

On the basis of their solubility, these substances can be separated from the mixture by the using solubility method.

Explanation of Solution

The solubility method is an easier method for the substance which shows different solubility scales.

The given table is:

SELECTED PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES IN A MIXTURE
Item	Soluble in the water?	Soluble in alcohol?	Density ( ${\text{g/cm}}^{\text{3}}$ )	Particle size(mm)
sawdust	no	no	$0.21$	$1$
mothball	no	yes	$1.15$	$3$
Table salt	yes	no	$2.17$	$2$

From the given table, sawdust, mothball, table salt isdifferent density, so they can easily separate step by step. These steps are mentioned below:

Step 1: Dissolve the mothballs

Step 2: Filter/ decant the liquid.

Step 3: To remove alcohol, use crystallization.

Step 4: Add water to remaining substances

Step 5: After completing step 4, sawdust will float. Its density will be less than that of water, and because of this salt will dissolve.

Step 6: Filter/ decant to separate two substances.

Step 7: Crystallize the salt to remove the water.

Conclusion

So, the different component is separated from the mixture by using solubility method and followed by the crystallization process.