Concept explainers
Interpretation: The three examples of substances and the reason for them to be a substance needs to be explained.
Concept introduction: In nature, the substance is homogeneous and contains only one and a similar type of atoms. They are uniform in composition and have fixed properties.

Answer to Problem 31A
The substances are classified as elements and compounds.
The three examples of substances are carbon-oxygen gas and water.
Explanation of Solution
Carbon is an example of an elemental substance. The carbon is composed of only one type of atom and is found in a constant composition. They can’t be separated into other substances.
The oxygen gas consists of a similar type of arrangement of similar atoms. The property of gas is constant. So it is considered as a substance.
Water is a pure compound, has a fixed composition of the atom, in which only one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atom is present. The property of water is similar for any type of water molecule and arranged uniformly.
The property and their arrangement show that they come under substances. Thus, carbon, oxygen, and water are examples of substance.
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