Chapter 3, Problem 35A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The statement, “properties are not affected by changes in temperature and pressure”.

Concept introduction:

The nature of any substance is explained by their chemical properties and physical properties.

A physical property describes the physical changes of a substance. Physical change is a temporary change; it is a reversible change. For example, color, mass, volume, etc.

A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed and absorption of energy or loss of energy occurs; it is an irreversible change. For example, rusting, dissolving, etc.

Answer to Problem 35A

The given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

The measure of the heat (thermal energy) contained in any object/body (liquid, solid, or gas) is termed as temperature. The force exerted by a fluid per unit area is defined as pressure.

When the temperature increases, average kinetic energy (KE)will also increase according to the velocity of gas particles (that are hitting the walls of a container). Therefore, the force exerted by particles per unit of area on a container is pressure. If both, the number of particles plus the volume of a container, are constant then the pressure will be proportional to temperature. So, as the temperature increases the pressure must also increase.

Hence, properties are affected by changes in temperature as well as pressure.

Conclusion

Properties are affected by changes in temperature as well as pressure.