Concept explainers
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(a)
Interpretation:
The anticodon sequence for the given codon sequence has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Codon: A sequence of three ribonucleotides in the mRNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid; also a three-
Genetic code: The sequence of nucleotides, coded in triplets (codons) in mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis.
Illustrated relationships are:
DNA informational strand: 5’ ATG CCA GTA GGC CAC TTG TCA 3’
DNA Template strand: 3’ TAC GGT CAT CCG GTG AAC AGT 5’
mRNA: 5’ AUG CCA GUA GGC CAC UUG UCA 3’
protein: Met Pro Val Gly His Leu Ser
Notice: 5’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the N-terminal amino acid, whereas the 3’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the C-terminal amino acid. Proteins are always written N-terminal to C-terminal, reading left to right.
(b)
Interpretation:
The anticodon sequence for the given codon sequence has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Codon: A sequence of three ribonucleotides in the mRNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid; also a three-nucleotide sequence that is a stop codon and stops translation.
Genetic code: The sequence of nucleotides, coded in triplets (codons) in mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis.
Illustrated relationships are:
DNA informational strand: 5’ ATG CCA GTA GGC CAC TTG TCA 3’
DNA Template strand: 3’ TAC GGT CAT CCG GTG AAC AGT 5’
mRNA: 5’ AUG CCA GUA GGC CAC UUG UCA 3’
protein: Met Pro Val Gly His Leu Ser
Notice: 5’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the N-terminal amino acid, whereas the 3’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the C-terminal amino acid. Proteins are always written N-terminal to C-terminal, reading left to right.
(c)
Interpretation:
The anticodon sequence for the given codon sequence has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Codon: A sequence of three ribonucleotides in the mRNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid; also a three-nucleotide sequence that is a stop codon and stops translation.
Genetic code: The sequence of nucleotides, coded in triplets (codons) in mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis.
Illustrated relationships are:
DNA informational strand: 5’ ATG CCA GTA GGC CAC TTG TCA 3’
DNA Template strand: 3’ TAC GGT CAT CCG GTG AAC AGT 5’
mRNA: 5’ AUG CCA GUA GGC CAC UUG UCA 3’
protein: Met Pro Val Gly His Leu Ser
Notice: 5’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the N-terminal amino acid, whereas the 3’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the C-terminal amino acid. Proteins are always written N-terminal to C-terminal, reading left to right.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
- The urea cycle rids of the body of excess nitrogen by converting it to a form that can be excreted in the urine. Label the steps of the urea cycle shown in the diagram and move the molecules in their positions.arrow_forwardLabel each of the intermediates in the urea cycle. H₂N NH₂ NH +H,N A -OOC HN- H H₂N- H₂N= COO NH NH₂ NH H H COO- +H,N COO +H,N COO- +H,N COO- B C D Answer Bank argininosuccinate arginine ornithine citrullinearrow_forwardDeficiencies of carnitine, carnitine acyltransferases, or carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase affect the metabolism of long-chain fatty acids. Many of the symptoms are similar, and include hypoketotic hypoglycemia, low ketone levels and low blood sugar with fasting, and damage to the liver, heart, or muscles due to fatty acid buildup in those tissues. Symptom severity varies with the form of the deficiency. The following abbreviations are used: carnitine acyltransferase (carnitine palmitoyltransferase), CPT and carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase, CACT. Identify each symptom or effect as a deficiency of CPT I, CPT II, or CACT. CPT I deficiency CPT II deficiency CACT deficiency Answer Bank acyl carnitine not transported into mitochondrial matrix acyl carnitine not converted to carnitine in matrix long-chain fatty acids not transferred to carnitinearrow_forward
- Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by abnormal regulation of blood glucose levels. If left untreated, diabetes leads to chronic hyperglycemia and numerous pathological complications. Classify each characteristic according to whether it best describes type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes Answer Bank Type 2 diabetes linked with obesity and insufficient exercise characterized by insulin deficiency typically develops in adulthood characterized by insulin unresponsiveness typically develops during childhood an autoimmune diseasearrow_forwardDraw the structure of the dipeptide Gly-lle at physiological pHarrow_forwardIdentify 6 the figure belowarrow_forward
- 3) b) c) NH2 HO. and ΝΗ NH2 HO.arrow_forwardOne of the codons for Alanine is 5’GCA3’. Which of the following tRNA sequences base pairs with this codon? 5’GCA3’ 5’ACG3’ 5’UGC3’ 5’CGU3’ Select Any that Apply Which of the following protein factors hydrolyses GTP? IF-1 IF-2 IF-3 EF-Tu EF-G EF-Ts RF1 RF2 Question 4 Question 4 1 Point What is a mRNA that codes for a single protein called? Blank 1arrow_forward5.) Draw Gly-Phe-Lys-Lys as it would appear at pH 1 Explain your answer thoroughly.arrow_forward
- 3. Identify carbons 3 and 5 in the monosaccharides below H H H H OH 0 H 0 CH₂OH H CH₂OH OH H 0 H CH₂OH о H H H OH OH H OH H OH OH OH H OH OH H OH OH OH CH₂OH 1 H H H Harrow_forward3. Identify carbons 3 and 5 in the monosaccharides below H H H H OH 0 H 0 CH₂OH H CH₂OH OH H 0 H CH₂OH о H H H OH OH H OH H OH OH OH H OH OH H OH OH OH CH₂OH 1 H H H Harrow_forwardApply your knowledge Why are monosaccharides highly soluble in water? Why do monosaccharides have high boiling and melting points? Identify carbons 3 and 5 in the monosaccharides below 9 Reducing & non - reducing sugars ( Learning goal 5) A classification that helps differentiate monosaccharides Reducing sugars Also known as aldoses. E. g. glucose Changes Benedicts solution from ) blue to redarrow_forward
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning