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(a)
Interpretation:
The term base pairing has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of
Sugar: In both DNA and RNA, sugar portion is found. In DNA, the sugar is D-ribose, where at 2’hydroxyl group is absent and in RNA, the hydroxyl group is present at 2’.
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil are only one nitrogen containing six-membered ring.
b)
Interpretation:
Base that pair with other bases, in DNA has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of nucleic acid: Nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. Two nucleotides are joined by phosphate diester linkage where a free phosphate on 5’ carbon of one nucleotide and a free –OH group on 3’ carbon of another nucleotide.
Sugar: In both DNA and RNA, sugar portion is found. In DNA, the sugar is D-ribose, where at 2’hydroxyl group is absent and in RNA, the hydroxyl group is present at 2’.
Nucleotide: (Nucleoside + phosphate)
Nucleotides are the building blocks of nuclei acids; monomers of DNA and RNA polymers. At carbon-5’ of the ribose sugar, a phosphate group is added which is collectively known as nucleotide. Phosphate groups can be added to any of the nucleotide to form diphosphate or triphosphate.
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil are nitrogen-containing six-membered ring.
c)
Interpretation:
Number of Hydrogen bonds does each base pair possess has to be interpreted.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of nucleic acid: Nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. Two nucleotides are joined by phosphate diester linkage where a free phosphate on 5’ carbon of one nucleotide and a free –OH group on 3’ carbon of another nucleotide.
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine, which are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil, which are nitrogen-containing six-membered ring.
Hydrogen bonding: The electrostatic attraction exists between high electronegative atom and hydrogen atom.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
- What structural consideration prevents the bases A and G from forming a complementary base pair?arrow_forward(a) Identify the base and monosaccharide in the following nucleotide. (b) Give the name and three- or four-letter abbreviation for the compound.arrow_forwardWhen an aromatic hydrocarbon intercalates between two stacked base pairs, what effect may there be on DNA structure?arrow_forward
- What tetrapeptide is synthesized from the informational DNA sequence G-T-C-A-G-T-A-C-G-T-T-A?arrow_forwardSovaldi is a nucleotide analog (sometimes called a “nuke”). What nucleotide is it most similar to? Can you find the structures of some other nukes and which nucleotides are they analogs of?arrow_forward1.) What type of nucleic acid does this complex occur? 2.) How many 3',5'-Phosphodiester linkages were formed? from the complex of the given structure? Give ONLY the NUMBER of the linkages. 3.) Name the second complementary base from the 5' direction.arrow_forward
- What are the tautomeric forms of adenine and cytosine? of guanine, thymine, and uracil? What is the structure of the nucleotide called dCMP?arrow_forwardIf this nucleotide were found in a DNA polymer, the (X) group would be group would be A NH ₂ -0-CH₂, +] -0 B (X) (Y) and the (Y)arrow_forwardWhat are the three components of a nucleotide? With regard to the 5′ and 3′ positions on a sugar molecule, how are nucleotides linked together to form a strand of DNA?arrow_forward
- If the GC content of a DNA molecule is 60%, what are the molar percentages of the four bases (G, C, T, A)?arrow_forwardIf a polyribonucleotide contains equal amounts ofrandomly positioned adenine and uracil bases, what proportion of its triplets will encode (a) phenylalanine, (b)isoleucine, (c) leucine, (d) tyrosine?arrow_forwardDNA and RNA are chemically very similar but are distinguished, in large part, by the presence of a 2’-OH group in RNA and a 2’-H group in DNA. Why do you suppose that both DNA and RNA have 3’-OH groups and we do not typically find nucleic acids within cells that have 3’-H groups?arrow_forward
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