Chapter 26, Problem 26.71CP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To code for preproinsulin, the number of heterocyclic bases present in the informational DNA strand has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

RNA synthesis: The process of RNA synthesis is Transcription. A small section of DNA unwinds, only one of the two strands act as template and the other strand as informational strand. The complementary bases are attached one by one by the action of RNA polymerase at template strand on moving down. The newly generated RNA is the exact copy of the informational strand, with the exception that a U replaces each T in the template DNA. The RNA synthesised carries genetic information and directs protein synthesis.

Codon: A sequence of three ribonucleotides in the mRNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid; also a three-nucleotide sequence that is a stop codon and stops translation.

Nucleic acid: A complex organic substance present in living cell, which is a long polynucleotides. RNA and DNA are the two types of nucleic acids.

Genetic code: The sequence of nucleotides, coded in triplets (codons) in mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis.