Draw out the following peptide H-R-K-E-D at physiological pH (~7.4). Make sure toreference table 3.1 for pKa values.
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Draw out the following peptide H-R-K-E-D at physiological pH (~7.4). Make sure to
reference table 3.1 for pKa values.
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- b. Compounds A, B, C, and D are known to be intermediates in the pathway for production of protein E. To determine where the block in protein-E production occurred in each individual, the various intermediates were given to each individuals cel Is in culture. After a few weeks of growth with the intermediate, the cells were assayed for the production of protein E. The results for each individuals cells are given in the following table. A plus sign means that protein E was produced after the cells were given the intermediate listed at the top of the column. A minus sign means that the cells still could not produce protein E even after being exposed to the intermediate at the top of the column. Denote the point in the pathway in which each individual is blocked.a. Compounds A, B, C, and D are known to be intermediates in the pathway for production of protein E. To determine where the block in protein-E production occurred in each individual, the various intermediates were given to each individuals cel Is in culture. After a few weeks of growth with the intermediate, the cells were assayed for the production of protein E. The results for each individuals cells are given in the following table. A plus sign means that protein E was produced after the cells were given the intermediate listed at the top of the column. A minus sign means that the cells still could not produce protein E even after being exposed to the intermediate at the top of the column. Draw the pathway leading to the production of protein E.If phenylalanine was not an essential amino acid, would diet therapy (the elimination of phenylalanine from the diet) for PKU work?
- The Energetic Cost of Peptide Elongation How many ATP equivalents are consumed for each amino acid added to an elongating polypeptide chain during the process of protein synthesis?MATHEMATICAL Calculate the isoelectric point of each of the following amino acids: glutamic acid, serine, histidine, lysine, tyro- sine, and arginine.THOUGHT QUESTION Imagine we identify a gene that is directly responsible for the effects of vasopressin on male mammals, including humans-we will call it trust1-that leads to the production of a vasopressin receptor in the brain, which we will call TRUST1. There are different versions of trust1, all of which lead to different levels of the behavior associated with this neuropeptide on male behavior. Give some examples where it would be a good idea to know a particular males genotype-that is, which of the trust1 genes he has. Give an example of when you think science has gone too far and this information should not be known.
- Understanding the Relevance of Chaperones in Protein Folding Protein molecules, like all molecules, can be characterized in terms of general properties such as size, shape, charge, solubility/hydrophobicity. Consider the influence of each of these general features on the likelihood of whether folding of a particular protein will require chaperone assistance or not. Be specific regarding just Hsp7O chaperones or Hsp7O chaperones and Hsp60 chaperonins.Using the Nernst equation, calculate the equilibrium potential for Ca2 and for C1 from the following sets of data: a. Given [ Ca2+ ]0=1mM,[ Ca2+ ]i=100nM, find Eca2+ b. Given [ Cl- ]0=110mM,[ Cl- ]i=100mM, find EclPolypeptide folding is often mediated by other proteins called chaperones. Describe how a mutant chaperone protein might be responsible for a genetic disorder involving an enzyme.
- Amino acids have the generic structure seen below, where R represents different carbon-based side chains. Describe how the structure of amino acids allows them to be linked into long peptide chains to form proteins.MATHEMATICAL The hydrolysis of a phenylalanine-containing peptide is catalyzed by -chymotrypsin with the following results. Calculate KM and Vmax for the reaction. PeptideConcentration(M)Velocity(Mmin1)2.51045.010410.010415.01042.21065.81065.91067.1106What property enables the residues of the amino acids serine, threonine, and tyrosine to be phosphorylated? They are polar. They are non-polar. They contain a hydroxyl group. They occur more frequently in the amino acid sequence of signaling proteins.
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