The reaction A+B → C + D AG°' = -7.3 kcal/molcan be coupled with which of the following unfavorable reactions todrive it forward?A. EFG+HAG° = 5.6 kcal/mol.B. J+KZ+A AG° = 2.3 kcal/mol.C. P+RY+DAG° = 8.2 kcal/mol.D. C + T → V + W AG°' = -5.9 kcal/mol.E. AN→ Q+KAG°' = 4.3 kcal/mol.

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Answered: The reaction A+B → C + D AG°' = -7.3…

Principles Of Pharmacology Med Assist

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337512442

Author:RICE

Publisher:RICE

Chapter1: Numerals And Fractions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5RP

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From data in the table, calculate the AG value for the reactions. Reaction AG' (kJ/mol) Phosphocreatine + H₂O →>> creatine + P -43.0 ADP + Pi → ATP + H₂O +30.5 Fructose +P → fructose 6-phosphate + H₂O +15.9 Phosphocreatine + ADP creatine + ATP AG'O ATP + fructose → ADP + fructose 6-phosphate AG'° kJ/mol kJ/mol
5) Theoretically, ATP did not have to become our bodies' main energy currency. Two alternative carriers, acetyl phosphate and S-adenosylmethionine could have been utilized, rather than ATP. AG" for acetyl phosphate hydrolysis is -43.3 kJ/mol and AG" for S- adenosylmethionine hydrolysis is -25.6 kJ/mol. (a) Calculate the weight of each alternative energy carrier that would need to be consumed by humans on a 2000 calorie per day diet if our bodies could not recycle it. Assume a 50% absorption of energy from our diet. (b) If our bodies contain 25g of each alternative energy carrier and they CAN be recycled, how many times would each molecule of each energy carrier need to be recycled? (c) Comment on the special properties of ATP and why it is unlikely that these alternative carriers would be utilized biologically.
The phosphorylation of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate is the initial step in the catabolism of glucose. The direct phosphorylation of glucose by P, is described by the equation Glucose + P → glucose 6-phosphate + H₂O AG' = 13.8 kJ/mol In principle, at least, one way to increase the concentration of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) is to drive the equilibrium reaction to the right by increasing the intracellular concentrations of glucose and Pj. The maximum solubility of glucose is less than 1 M, and the normal physiological concentration of G6P is 250 μM. Assume a fixed concentration of P, at 4.8 mM. The calculated value of K'cq is 4.74 × 10-³ M-¹. Calculate the intracellular concentration of glucose when the equilibrium concentration of glucose 6-phosphate is 250 μM, the normal physiological concentration. [glucose] = 10.99 Correct Answer Would increasing the concentration of glucose be a physiologically reasonable way to increase the concentration of G6P? No. Because the concentration of P,…
An enzyme lowers the activation energy, (AG) of a reaction from 50.0 kcal/mol to 40.0 kcal/mol. Calulate the catalytic power at 310K. (R-1.987x10 kcal/mol)
Using the Nernst equation, calculate the equilibrium potential for Ca2 and for C1 from the following sets of data: a. Given [ Ca2+ ]0=1mM,[ Ca2+ ]i=100nM, find Eca2+ b. Given [ Cl- ]0=110mM,[ Cl- ]i=100mM, find Ecl
PREDICT In the following reaction series, which enzyme(s) is/are most likely to have an allosteric site to which the end product E binds? (a) enzyme 1 (b) enzyme 2 (c) enzyme 3 (d) enzyme 4 (e) enzymes 3 and 4
VISUALIZE The structures depicted are (a) enantiomers (b) different views of the same molecule (c) geometric (cistrans) isomers (d) both geometric isomers and enantiomers (e) structural isomers
When two glucose molecules react to form maltose: a. the reaction represents a negative G. b. free energy had to be available to allow the reaction to proceed. c. the reaction is exothermic. d. it supports the second law of thermodynamics, which states there is tendency of the universe toward disorder. e. the resulting product has less potential energy than the reactants.
Understanding the Mechanisms of Reactions Related to Transketolase The mechanistic chemistry of the acetolactate synthase and phosphoketolase reactions (shown here) is similar to that of the transketolase reaction (Figure 22.30). Write suitable mechanisms for these reactions.
Understanding an Antidote for Cyanide Poisoning Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is used by emergency medical personnel as an antidote for cyanide poisoning (for this purpose. it must be administered immediately). Based on the discussion of cyanide poisoning in Section 20.4. Suggest a mechanism for the lifesaving effect of sodium nitrite.
The Reactions and Meehanisms of the Leloir Pathway Write the reactions that permit galactose to be utilized in glycolysis. Write a suitable mechanism, tor one of these reactions.
In an enzymatic reaction: a. the enzyme leaves the reaction chemically unchanged. b. if the enzyme molecules approach maximal rate, and the substrate is continually increased, the rate of the reaction does not reach saturation. c. in the stomach, enzymes would have an optimal activity at a neutral pH. d. increasing temperature above the optimal value slows the reaction rate. e. the least important level of organization for an enzyme is its tertiary structure.

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