Concept explainers
a.
Interpretation:
For the below compound the chirality centers has to be labeled and number of chiral centers should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Chirality center:
When a carbon atom is bonded to four different groups, then that carbon is named as chiral carbon and it is called as chirality center. Generally, the carbon atom contains tetrahedral valency, therefore it bonded to four atoms or molecules. The chiral center is bonded with four different elements or groups. If the single carbon atom is bonded to two or more identical group or atom, then it is also not considered as chiral carbon. In addition to this, if the carbon atom contains multiple bond then it does not able to bond with four different groups then it is not considered to be as a chirality center.
b.
Interpretation:
For the below compound the chirality centers has to be labeled and number of chiral centers should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Refer to part “a”.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
Connect 1-Semester Online Access for Principles of General, Organic & Biochemistry
- One of the analgesics has a chiral center. Which compound is it? One of the two enantiomers is far more effective at reducing pain than the other.arrow_forwardDigitalis is a preparation made from the dried seeds and leaves of the purple foxglove, Digitalis purpurea, a plant native to southern and central Europe and cultivated in the United States. The preparation is a mixture of several active components, including digitalin. Digitalis is used in medicine to increase the force of myocardial contraction and as a conduction depressant to decrease heart rate (the heart pumps more forcefully but less often).arrow_forwardCodeine can treat pain and cough but has a high risk for addiction and dependence. Which of the following statements about Codeine is false? H3C H- N-CH3 HO O The methoxy group masks an important binding group O The structure is converted to morphine in the brain O The structure is a weaker analgesic than morphine. O The structure acts as a prodrugarrow_forward
- Paroxetine (Paxil) is an antidepressant that is a member of a family of drugs known as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIS). This family of drugs also includes fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft). SSRIS work by inhibiting the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the synapses of the central nervous system follow- ing release of serotonin during excitation of individual nerve cells. Between firings, the serotonin is taken back up by a nerve cell in preparation for firing again. Inhibition of reuptake has the effect of increasing the time serotonin molecules remain in the syn- apses following excitation, leading to a therapeutic effect. In one synthesis of parox- etine, the following reagents are used. Draw the structures of synthetic intermediates A and B. F НО SOCI, A B HO Pyridinearrow_forwardA: aromatic compound B: 4 C: N X 28 N 0 Carrow_forwardThe encircled one is an additional chemical entity of this drug that makes it a pro-drug, what is the probable reason of adding that moiety to the parent compound? Increase in solubility Increase in surface area Decrease the protein binding Improve the taste choose onearrow_forward
- Quinapril (trade name Accupril) is a drug used to treat hypertension andcongestive heart failure. (See in attached file) Question: At which sites can quinapril hydrogen bond to acetone [(CH3)2CO]?arrow_forwardGive the IUPAC name + the stereochemical descriptorsarrow_forwardWhy are some chiral drugs are sold as a mixture of enantiomers and why some are not? How enantiomers affect the biological activity of the drugs? Explain.arrow_forward
- Celery ketone, like carvone, has two distinct aromas. In contrast to the S enantiomer's licorice scent, the R enantiomer has an earthy, celery-like aroma. Each enantiomer should be depicted and its odor assigned.arrow_forwarddarrow_forwardThe following compounds are named incorrectly. Draw the structure of each compound and give it a correct name (either IUPAC or common is acceptable.) a) N-phenyl-N-ethyl-2-propanamine b) N-sec-butyl-N-propylmethanamine c) N-methyl-N-ethyl-4-ethylpentanamide d) 2,5-diethylhexanoic acid f Googlo Chegg Course Hero orarrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningMacroscale and Microscale Organic ExperimentsChemistryISBN:9781305577190Author:Kenneth L. Williamson, Katherine M. MastersPublisher:Brooks ColeOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning