Chapter 12, Problem 12.79AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The four constitutional isomers of molecular formula ${\text{C}}_6{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}\text{O}$ that contain an aldehyde and four carbons in the longest chain structure has to be drawn, and also their IUPAC name is given.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers:

The compounds, that contain same molecular formula but the atom arrangements are different. That means the structure is different but the molecular formula is same is called constitutional isomers.

Nomenclature of aldehydes:

Firstly, the functional group from the below structure will be identified as aldehyde and –al is added as the suffix. Subsequently find the longest carbon chain, which is bonded with the -CHO group. In case of the cyclic compounds, numbering starts with –CHO group attached carbon, which is considered a primary carbon. Prefix changes if any other substituents are present in the structure other than –CHO group. In case of more than one substituents naming will be given in alphabetical order. For the parent alkane chain ‘e’ is replaced by –al. If more than one aldehyde is present then it will be named as di, tri, tetra, etc at the end of parent alkane chain.