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- You can neglect radiation at the bottom of the plate; the bottom side of the plate has water flowing underneath it. Often, when dealing with liquids (rather than gases), one can neglect radiation because heat transfer due to convection is so much larger (liquids tend to have higher convection coefficient values than gases).arrow_forwardHow does radiosity for a surface differ from the emitted energy? For what kind of surfaces are these two quantities identical?arrow_forwardA small sphere (emissivity = 0.745, radius = r1) is located at the center of a spherical asbestos shell (thickness = 1.72 cm, outer radius = r2; thermal conductivity of asbestos is 0.090 J/(s m Co)). The thickness of the shell is small compared to the inner and outer radii of the shell. The temperature of the small sphere is 727 °C, while the temperature of the inner surface of the shell is 406 °C, both temperatures remaining constant. Assuming that r2/r1 = 6.54 and ignoring any air inside the shell, find the temperature in degrees Celsius of the outer surface of the shell.arrow_forward
- Irradiation on a semi-transparent medium is at a rate of 640 W/m². If 160 W/m² of the irradiation is reflected from the medium and 130 W/m² is transmitted through the medium, 1) Determine the absorptivity of the medium. 2) Determine the reflectivity of the medium. 3) Determine the transmissivity of the medium.arrow_forwardConsider a silicon wafer positioned in a furnace that is zone-heated on the top section and cooled on the lower section. The wafer is placed such that the top and bottom surfaces of the wafer exchange radiation with the hot and cold zones respectively of the furnace. The zone temperatures are Tsur.h = 900 K and Tsur.c = 330 K. The emissivity and thickness of the wafer are ɛ = 0.65 and d = 0.78 mm, respectively. With the ambient gas at T, = 700 K, convection heat transfer coefficients at the upper and lower surfaces of the wafer are 8 and 4 W/m2-K. Find the steady-state temperature of the wafer, in K. Tw i Karrow_forward! Required information Irradiation on a semi-transparent medium is at a rate of 640 W/m². If 160 W/m² of the irradiation is reflected from the medium and 130 W/m² is transmitted through the medium, Determine the absorptivity of the medium. The absorptivity of the medium is 0.75 Xarrow_forward
- A small sphere (emissivity =0.503 radius=r1) is located at the center of a spherical abestos shell ( thickness =1.74 cm, outer radius= r2; thermal conductivity of abestos is 0.090 J/ (sm c degrees) The thickness of the shell is small compared to the inner and outer radii of the shell. The temperature of the small sphere is 695 degrees Celsius while the temperature of the inner surface of the shell is 352 degrees Celsius, both temperatures remaining constant. Assuming that r2/r1 =8.75 and ignoring any air inside the shell, find the temperature in degrees Celsius of the outer surface of the shell.arrow_forwardConsider a silicon wafer positioned in a furnace that is zone-heated on the top section and cooled on the lower section. The wafer is placed such that the top and bottom surfaces of the wafer exchange radiation with the hot and cold zones respectively of the furnace. The zone temperatures are Tsur,h = 950 K and Tsur.c = 330 K. The emissivity and thickness of the wafer are e = 0.65 and d = 0.78 mm, respectively. With the ambient gas at T = 700 K, convection heat transfer coefficients at the upper and lower surfaces of the wafer are 8 and 4 W/m2-K. Find the steady-state temperature of the wafer, in K. i K Save for Laterarrow_forwardA small surface of area A1 = 5 cm? emits radiation as a blackbody, and part of the radiation emitted by Ai strikes another small surface of area A2 = 8 cm? oriented as shown in Fig. 4. If the rate at which radiation em itted by Ai that strikes A is measured to be 274 x 106 W, determine i. the intensity of the radiation emitted by A1, and the temperature of A1. ji. Az = 8 cm? 02 = 40° 10, = 55° r = 80 cm A = 5 cm? Fig 4arrow_forward
- Three sets of parallel plates LM, NR and PQ are given in Figures 1, 2 and 3. The view factor Fu is defined as the fraction of radiation leaving plate I that is intercepted by plate J. Assume that the values of FLM and FNR are 0.8 and 0.4, respectively. The value of FPQ (round off to one decimal place) is I'm I'm 1m M 1m Figure 2 Im Figure 1 m Im Q 1m im 1m Figure 3arrow_forwardDefine the absorption of radiation incident on an opaque surface of absorptivity α.arrow_forwardAn opaque surface which is insulated at the back side has a total, hemispherical absorptivity a=0.8 for solar radiation and a total, hemispherical emissivity of e=0.2. A solar radiation flux of 800 W/m2 is incident on this surface. The surface is exposed to the ambient air at T 300 K and convective heat transfer coefficient is h=15 W/m2 K. Neglect the sky radiation. • Sketch the heat fluxes received and dissipated by this surface • Estimate the equilibrium temperature of the surface (assume the surface temperature is higher than the ambient air temperature). 1.= 300 K, h-15 W/m*K 800 W/m? a-0.8 , e-0.2arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning