Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11.4, Problem 3CYL
Summary Introduction
To calculate:
The frequencies of the genotypes and
Introduction:
Independent assortment is the arrangement of genes during the process of recombination independently of each other located on a chromosomal locus.
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In fruit flies, the allele for long wings (L) is dominant to the allele for short wings (l). If a male that is heterozygous for wing length mates with a female that has short wings what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring? Complete the Punnett square below. What is the expected phenotypic ratio among the offspring?
The genetic identity of the female parent is RrGg and the genetic identity of the male parent is Rrgg. They produce 320 offspring together from a single mating:
57 red-eyed females with grey bodies, 61 red-eyed females with yellow bodies, 22 brown-eyed females with grey bodies, 20 brown-eyed females with yellow bodies.59 red-eyed males with grey bodies, 63 red-eyed males with yellow bodies, 20 brown-eyedmales with grey bodies, 18 brown-eyed males with yellow bodies.
Show the simultaneous transmission of the two genes involved to give rise to the progeny given with the use of genetic diagrams and summaries as required. (Hint: you are only requiredto show the simultaneous transmission from the P to F1 generations)
The Soay sheep of St. Kilda Island near Scotland have changed coat color over the past 20 years, with dark colored sheep declining in frequency and light colored sheep increasing. Coat color is determined by the TYRP1 gene. The TYRP1-T homozygote is light colored, while TYRP1-G homozygotes and heterozygotes are dark. Discuss the hypothesis that assortative mating between sheep with similar coat color is the cause of the increase in light coat color over this period.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 11.1 - describe the relationships among chromosomes, DNA,...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 11.2 - distinguish between self-fertilization and...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 11.3 - Sudden Death on the court Many traits, in humans...Ch. 11.3 - describe the pattern of inheritance of a trait...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 1TCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 11.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 11.4 - Prob. 1CYL
Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 11.4 - Prob. 2TCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 11.5 - explain how polygenic inheritance and...Ch. 11.6 - describe how the patterns of inheritance differ...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 11.7 - explain why most sex-linked traits are controlled...Ch. 11.7 - describe the pattern of inheritance of sex-linked...Ch. 11.8 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 11.8 - use pedigrees to determine the pattern of...Ch. 11.8 - Prob. 1ETCh. 11.8 - Prob. 1TCCh. 11.8 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 11.8 - Prob. 2ETCh. 11 - Prob. 1ACCh. 11 - An organism is described as Rr, with red coloring....Ch. 11 - In certain cattle, hair color can be red...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1MCCh. 11 - Define the following terms: gene, allele,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2ACCh. 11 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 2GPCh. 11 - Prob. 2MCCh. 11 - Prob. 2RQCh. 11 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 3GPCh. 11 - Prob. 3MCCh. 11 - Prob. 3RQCh. 11 - Genes that are present on one sex chromosome but...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4GPCh. 11 - Prob. 4MCCh. 11 - Prob. 4RQCh. 11 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 5GPCh. 11 - Prob. 5MCCh. 11 - Prob. 5RQCh. 11 - Prob. 6GPCh. 11 - Prob. 6RQCh. 11 - In the couple described in Problem 6, the woman...
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- What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype if the homozygous genotype frequencies are 0.1385 (BB) and 0.5897 (bb)?arrow_forwardIn frost moths, two alleles of one gene determine the character difference of spotted versus striped wings and two alleles of a separate, independent gene determine the character difference of orange wing background versus white wing background. The results for four matings of moth phenotypes are shown below. Number of progeny Mating Parental Phenotypes Spotted/orange Spotted/white Striped /orange Striped /white 1 spotted/orange x striped/orange 623 0 637 0 2 spotted/white x striped/orange 0 0 0 712 3 spotted/white x striped/orange 122 131 128 133 4 spotted/orange x striped/white 0 0 430 422 6a) Using the information in the table above, assign a letter to each allele (make sure each allele can be uniquely identified, using Uppercase and lowercase and use a unique letter for each trait). Circle whether each allele is dominant (D) or recessive (R) belowarrow_forwardIn frost moths, two alleles of one gene determine the character difference of spotted versus striped wings and two alleles of a separate, independent gene determine the character difference of orange wing background versus white wing background. The results for four matings of moth phenotypes are shown below. Number of progeny Mating Parental Phenotypes Spotted/orange Spotted/white Striped /orange Striped /white 1 spotted/orange x striped/orange 623 0 637 0 2 spotted/white x striped/orange 0 0 0 712 3 spotted/white x striped/orange 122 131 128 133 4 spotted/orange x striped/white 0 0 430 422 striped= S(dominant) spotted=s (recessive) white= W(dominant) orange=w (recessive) What are the genotypes of each parent in each cross? If more than one genotype is possible, list the alternative possibilities. (Remember that each mating involves a separate set of parents, so the 4 matings involve 8 separate…arrow_forward
- In sheep, the presence and absence of horns is considered a sex influenced trait where the horned gene is dominant in rams but not in ewes. What will be the expected genotypes and phenotypes if heterozygous ram is bred to a heterozygous ewe? Addition: In the above mating (a,b,&c), it is assumed that one-half of the expected heterozygous offspring produced are females and the other half are males.arrow_forwardA homozygous red pigmented female beetle (bb) is bred with a black pigmented male of unknown genotype. It’s unknown if the male homozygous dominant (BB) or heterozygous (Bb) for the pigment trait. The color of their offspring will help identify the genotype of the male. What do you call this method used to determine the genotype of the male beetle? Explain your answer by using Punnett square to show possible offspring genotypes.arrow_forwardA wild-type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body color and red eyes) is mated with a black fruit fly with purple eyes. The offspring are wildtype, 721; black purple, 751; gray purple, 49; black red, 45. What is the recombination frequency between these genes for body color and eye color? Using information from problem 3, what fruit flies (genotypes and phenotypes) would you mate to determine the order of the body color, wing size, and eye color genes on the chromosome?arrow_forward
- Using pedigree diagrams, calculate the inbreedingcoefficient (F ) for the offspring of (a) parent–offspringmatings; (b) first-cousin matings; (c) aunt–nephewor uncle–niece matings; (d) self-fertilization of ahermaphrodite.arrow_forwardTwo organisms, with the genotypes FFEe and FfEE, are mated. Assuming independent assortment of the F/f and E/e genes: 1) Provide the genotypes of all possible offspring from this cross and use the rules of probability to calculate the chance of each genotype occurring. 2) Provide the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the possible offspring.arrow_forwardGive the genotype of the parents and determine the linkage map of the three genes bm (brown midrib), v (virescent seedling), and pr (purple aleurone) in maize from the results of the cross below. Genotypes of offspring Total and Frequency percentage V bm 230 467 pr + 237 42.1% + + bm 82 161 pr V 79 14.5% V 200 395 pr bm 195 35.6% pr bm 44 86 V + 42 7.8% +arrow_forward
- Briefly describe what can be expected during consanquineous matings as they disproportionally contribute to the incidence of rare autosomal recessive conditions. What is a genetic drift and what is the effect of new mutations and natural selection for populations?arrow_forwardAfter five generations of random mating, what is the frequency of the a allele?arrow_forwardln a population of turtles, there are yellow-green shells and green shells. The yellow shells are caused by a homozygous recessive gene and the green shells are caused by the dominant gene. Given the following data:AA = 340Aa = 270aa = 120 a) Calculate p and q. b) Use a chi square test to determine if these alleles are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Submit your answer as a pdf or doc file. Show your workarrow_forward
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