Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of molecules of each gas, H2, N2 and CO2 needs to be calculated at STP.
Concept Introduction:
STP is a short form of standard temperature and pressure. The value for standard pressure and temperature is 1 atm and 273.15 K respectively.
At STP 1 mol of any gas occupies 22.4 L.
(a)
Answer to Problem 4E
Number of molecules in 22.4 L of each gas is
Explanation of Solution
At STP, the number of moles of gas having 22.4 L of gas is 1 mol. Since, 1 mol gas must contain
Thus, all the gas must contain
b)
Interpretation :
The number of density of atoms of each gas, H2, N2 and CO2 needs to be calculated at STP.
Concept Introduction:
Number density of a gas sample is the number of gas molecules present in certain volume of gas sample. It can be also expressed in mol/L.
b)
Answer to Problem 4E
Number density for H2, N2 and CO2 will be same which is 0.045 mol/L.
Explanation of Solution
At STP, the number of moles of gas having 22.4 L of gas is 1 mol.
The number of density of atoms is calculated using formula:
Where n is number of moles and V is volume.
Since, the number of moles of each gas is 1 and volume is 22.4 L so,
density (n/V)
c)
Interpretation:
The sample that contains largest mass needs to be determined amongst the following:
H2, N2 and CO2
Concept Introduction:
The formula used to determine the mass of a sample is:
c)
Answer to Problem 4E
22.4 L CO2 will have the largest mass.
Explanation of Solution
At STP, the number of moles of gas having 22.4 L of gas is 1 mol.
Molecular weight of H2, N2 and CO2 are 2 g/mol, 28 g/mol and 144 g/mol respectively.
Thus, mass of 1 mol H2
Mass of 1 mol N2
Mass of 1 mol CO2
d)
Interpretation :
The sample that contains largest
H2, N2 and CO2
Concept Introduction :
Number of molecules per mol of substance is equal to Avogadro’s number which is equal to
Atomicity is the number of atoms per molecules of an element.
Number of atoms
d)
Answer to Problem 4E
CO2 has the largest number of atoms.
Explanation of Solution
At STP 22.4 L H2, N2 and CO2 gas is equal to 1 mol.
Number of molecules in each gas sample is
H2, N2 and CO2have 2,2 and 3 atoms per molecule respectively.
Number of atoms of H2
Number of atoms of N2
Number of atoms of CO2
e)
Interpretation:
The sample that contains largest density needs to be determined amongst the following:
H2, N2 and CO2
Concept Introduction:
The ratio of mass and volume of a substance is said to be its density. Mathematically,
e)
Answer to Problem 4E
CO2 has maximum mass density.
Explanation of Solution
At STP, the number of moles of gas having 22.4 L of gas is 1 mol.
Molecular weight of H2, N2 and CO2 are 2 g/mol, 28 g/mol and 144 g/mol respectively.
Thus, mass of 1 mol H2
Mass density
Mass of 1 mol N2
Mass density
Mass of 1 mol CO2
Mass density
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