Chapter U3.58, Problem 5E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Comprehend the difference in relation between gas pressure and volume from the relation between gas volume and temperature.

Concept Introduction:

Solids are the substances with least intermolecular distance and strongest intermolecular forces whereas gases have largest intermolecular distance and weakest intermolecular forces. Liquids have intermediate value of intermolecular distance and intermolecular forces.

Due to random movement of gas particles, they colloid with other gas particles and also colloid with wall of container. The collision between gas particles of air and wall of container exert pressure on the wall of container.

Answer to Problem 5E

The relation between pressure and volume is: $\text{Pressure α }\frac{\text{1}}{\text{volume }}$

The relation between temperature and volume is: $\text{Volume α temperature }$

Explanation of Solution

The gas pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of gas. This is because as the gas pressure increases, the gas particles come close to each other. It decreases the intermolecular distance between particles and volume decreases. Similarly, as the pressure decreases, the intermolecular distance between particles increases that increase the volume of gas.

  $\text{Pressure α }\frac{\text{1}}{\text{volume }}$

This is called as Boyle’s law. It states that at constant temperature and amount of gas molecules, the volume is inversely proportional to the pressure of gas.

The Charles’s law states the relation between volume and temperature. As the temperature of gas increases, the gas particles move apart from each other and it will increase the volume of gas. Thus, the relation between volume and temperature can be written as:

  $\text{Volume α temperature }$