Degarmo's Materials And Processes In Manufacturing
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781119492825
Author: Black, J. Temple, Kohser, Ronald A., Author.
Publisher: Wiley,
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Chapter 5, Problem 33RQ
What is the major factor that influences the strength and hardness of martensite?
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Bainite phase and pearlite phase have different mechanical properties due to its structure differences. Discuss the hardness and tensile strength of these 2 phases using isothermal transformation temperature diagram.
1. Why does the tensile strength of steel, which contains only austenite at room temperature, differ fromsteel that shows only pearlite in its microstructure? Give two important reasons for the difference.
2. What general prerequ_isites exist for the formation of martensite in steel?
3. What is an isothermal transformation of a material in the solid state condition?
4. Draw a typical isothermal transformation diagram for plain .carbon eutectoid steel and indicate thevarious decomposition products expected by simple diagrammatic drawing.
Discuss under what circumstances martensite is formed and highlight its effect on mechanical properties.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Degarmo's Materials And Processes In Manufacturing
Ch. 5 - What is heat treatment?Ch. 5 - What types of properties can be altered through...Ch. 5 - Why should people performing hot forming or...Ch. 5 - What is the broad goal of the processing heat...Ch. 5 - Why might equilibrium phase diagrams be useful...Ch. 5 - What are the A1, A3, and Acm lines?Ch. 5 - What are some possible objectives of annealing...Ch. 5 - Why might it be important to include a preceding...Ch. 5 - Describe the cooling conditions of a full anneal.Ch. 5 - Why are the hypereutectoid steels not...
Ch. 5 - Although full anneals often produce the softest...Ch. 5 - What is the major process difference between full...Ch. 5 - Although normalizing is less expensive than a full...Ch. 5 - Prob. 14RQCh. 5 - What types of steel would be candidates for a...Ch. 5 - How might steel composition influence the...Ch. 5 - Other than increasing strength, for what three...Ch. 5 - What are the six major mechanisms that can be used...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19RQCh. 5 - What is required for a metal to be a candidate for...Ch. 5 - What are the three steps in an age�hardening...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between a coherent...Ch. 5 - What is overaging? Why does strength decrease?Ch. 5 - Describe the various aging responses (maximum...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between natural and...Ch. 5 - Why might naturally aging aluminum rivets be...Ch. 5 - Why is it important not to expose precipitation...Ch. 5 - Why is it more difficult to understand the...Ch. 5 - What types of heating and cooling conditions are...Ch. 5 - What are the stable equilibrium phases for steels...Ch. 5 - What are some nonequilibrium structures that...Ch. 5 - Prob. 32RQCh. 5 - What is the major factor that influences the...Ch. 5 - For a given steel, describe the relative strengths...Ch. 5 - Most structure changes proceed to completion over...Ch. 5 - What is retained austenite, and why is it an...Ch. 5 - What types of steels are more prone to retained...Ch. 5 - Why are martensitic structures usually tempered...Ch. 5 - Why does tempering offer a spectrum of possible...Ch. 5 - In what ways is the quench�and�temper heat...Ch. 5 - What is a C�C�T diagram? Why is it more useful...Ch. 5 - What is the critical cooling rate, and how is it...Ch. 5 - What two features combine to determine the...Ch. 5 - What conditions are used to standardize the quench...Ch. 5 - How do the various locations of a Jominy test...Ch. 5 - How do the data collected from a Jominy test...Ch. 5 - What is the assumption that allows the data from a...Ch. 5 - What is hardenability? How is it different from...Ch. 5 - What capabilities are provided by...Ch. 5 - When selecting a steel for an application, what...Ch. 5 - What are the three stages of liquid quenching?Ch. 5 - What are some of the major advantages and...Ch. 5 - Why does brine provide faster cooling than water?Ch. 5 - Why is an oil quench less likely to produce quench...Ch. 5 - What are some of the attractive qualities of a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 56RQCh. 5 - Prob. 57RQCh. 5 - Prob. 58RQCh. 5 - Prob. 59RQCh. 5 - How might the thermally induced residual stresses...Ch. 5 - Prob. 61RQCh. 5 - Prob. 62RQCh. 5 - Prob. 63RQCh. 5 - What is thermomechanical processing?Ch. 5 - Prob. 65RQCh. 5 - Prob. 66RQCh. 5 - Prob. 67RQCh. 5 - Prob. 68RQCh. 5 - Prob. 69RQCh. 5 - Prob. 70RQCh. 5 - Prob. 71RQCh. 5 - Prob. 72RQCh. 5 - Prob. 73RQCh. 5 - Why does a carburized part have to be further...Ch. 5 - Prob. 75RQCh. 5 - Prob. 76RQCh. 5 - Prob. 77RQCh. 5 - Describe the distinguishing features of a box...Ch. 5 - What are some possible functions of artificial...Ch. 5 - Prob. 80RQCh. 5 - Prob. 81RQCh. 5 - Prob. 82RQCh. 5 - What are some current goals of the heat treatment...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1PCh. 5 - Prob. 2PCh. 5 - Prob. 3PCh. 5 - Prob. 4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5PCh. 5 - Prob. 6PCh. 5 - What problems might be expected if the material on...Ch. 5 - Describe some heat treatment processes or...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1.3CSCh. 5 - Prob. 1.4CSCh. 5 - Prob. 1.5CSCh. 5 - Prob. 1.6CSCh. 5 - Prob. 1.7CSCh. 5 - Prob. 1.8CSCh. 5 - Prob. 2.1CSCh. 5 - Prob. 2.2CSCh. 5 - How would you alter the procedures or policies of...
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- Write the materials by low ductility to increased ductility: *steels are assumed to have no cold work and contain equilibrium phases* (Diamond, 1040 steel, 1040 steel with 10% cold work, pure copper, polymer)arrow_forwardWhat are some possible defects in drawn sheet-metal parts? In blanking of a circular sheet-metal part, is the clearance applied to the punch diameter or the die diameter? What is martensite? Based on the TTT curve, what is it that should be avoided during martensitic process? What is the main condition for strengthening an alloy by precipitation?arrow_forwardMaterials Science Engineering; CCT Diagramarrow_forward
- Question 3: Indicate which of the following microstructures corresponds to Pearlite Bainite Spheroidite_ Martensite What is the reason(s) behind your selection? (b) and Tempered Martensite (e) 10 μm 1 μm (d) 10 μπ 10 µmarrow_forwardIf a eutectoid steel sample is heated to 800°C and then quenched in a cold-water bath then what would be the possible microstructure? Draw the microstructure and label it.arrow_forwardMetal Working: What process will result in a Martensite microstructure? List the reasons why this structure will have high strength.arrow_forward
- Below is a continuous cooling transformation curve for steel (upper) and for a silicate melt (lower). Describe the similarities and differences as follows. a. What is the critical cooling rate in each case? b. What phase(s) form in each case when the critical cooling rate is exceeded? c. What phase(s) form in each case if the cooling rate is very slow? 800 1400 Ae lemperature Austenite *peorlite begins 10FI 700 1200 Austenitepearlite complete 1600 1000 5009 800 Tronsformation stops 400 600 300 400 Austenite -mortenstic structure 200 -Isathermal dogram Continuous transformaton diogrom Constant rate coding curves - 100 200 Findl structure Mortensite Morlensite i peorlile Peorite (softer, coorser- 0.1 10? 10 Tronsformation time, seconds Continuous Cooling-Transformation (C-T)Diagram (Derived from the isothermal-transformation diagram for a plain-carbon eutectoid steel) 1200 Glass Crystallization begins 1100 1000 Critical cooling rate Glass-ceramic 900 Crystallization ends 800 700 102 10…arrow_forwardExcellent combinations of hardness, streneth, and toughness are obtained from bainite. One heat treater austenitized a eutectoid steel at 750°C, quenched and haid the steal at 250°C for 15 min, and finaly permitted the staal to cool to room temperature. Did he produce the required bainitic structure? Use the diegram below in your answer Answer: Tie ReckvellChndrearrow_forwardWhat is the marcosopic structure of metallic in low carbon and then high carbon steels .arrow_forward
- (a) Fill in the blanks of possible phase transformations for gamma-ferrite as a function of temperature. Use the corresponding terminology (austenite, ferrite, perlite, bainite, martensite, cemenite).arrow_forwardQuestion 1 You are working on a design team at a small orthopaedic firm. You have been asked to select a cobalt- chrome-molybdenum (CoCr) material that will not experience plastic deformation under a specific mechanical test, as follows... A tensile stress is applied along the long axis of a solid cylindrical rod that has a diameter of 10 mm. An applied load of some magnitude F produces a 7x10³ mm change in diameter (see figure below, original shape is blue, elongated shape is unshaded). Q1F: How would the "new alloy" material (with different properties as shown below) behave, assuming it has the same initial diameter (10mm) and applied load (F) in the tensile test? That is, would it experience plastic deformation (yield) under the conditions of this problem?arrow_forwardUsing the TTT diagram, what microstructure would be developed by rapidly cooling to 650°C and holding for 50 seconds, followed by rapid cooling to 500°C and holding for 5 seconds, followed by quenching to room temperature? (give relative percentages of each microstructure component) Using the TTT diagram, describe the entire thermal treatment that would generate a microstructure consisting of 50% bainite, and 50% martensite. On the CCT diagram to the right, what microstructure would be developed by following cooling curve (c), then heating to 700°C for at least a day? Temperature l"C)arrow_forward
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