Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780618974122
Author: Andrei Straumanis
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1E
Occasionally, we will see an ionic compound that has a
a. What elements (other than H) on the periodic table are most likely to form a
b. Draw a Lewis structure for the ionic compound
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Draw Lewis structure(s) for the carbonate lon (CO₂). If there are equivalent resonance structures, draw all of them.
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Do not draw double bonds to oxygen unless they are needed in order for the central atom to obey the octet rule.
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2. Avogadro does not "waste" his time drawing a Lewis structure before
determining the shape of PF3. He thinks that the shape of PF3 must be trigonal
planar because there are three fluorine atoms bonded to the central
phosphorus atom.
a. Draw the Lewis structure for PF3.
b. Was Avogadro's answer for the shape of a PF3 molecule correct? Explain
c. Why is it important to draw the Lewis structure for a molecule before
identifying the shape of the molecule?
3. Draw the Lewis structure of ozone, O3. Describe why ozone has a bent shape
instead of a linear shape.
a. Write a Lewis structure that obeys the octet rule for the following species. Assign the formal charge for the central atom of SO4.
If multiple resonance structures exist, use one that does not involve an expanded valence.
Formal charge:
b. Write a Lewis structure that obeys the octet rule for the following species. Assign the formal charge for the central atom of POC13.
If multiple resonance structures exist, use one that does not involve an expanded valence.
Formal charge:
Chapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Ch. 5 - Which elements on the periodic table (other than...Ch. 5 - You will not find “hydroxide” in the stockroom,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 4CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 5CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 6CTQCh. 5 - On which do you expect to have a more intense and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 9CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 10CTQ
Ch. 5 - Prob. 11CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 12CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 13CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 14CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 15CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 16CTQCh. 5 - For each proposed set of resonance structures: a....Ch. 5 - Consider the polarization of the C=O bond in the...Ch. 5 - The C=O double bond is called a “carbonyl bond.”...Ch. 5 - Prob. 20CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 21CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 22CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 23CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 24CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 25CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 26CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 27CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 28CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 29CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 30CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 31CTQCh. 5 - Confirm that there is no legitimate Lewis...Ch. 5 - Draw all resonance structures of the molecule...Ch. 5 - Prob. 34CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 35CTQCh. 5 - Prob. 36CTQCh. 5 - Occasionally, we will see an ionic compound that...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2ECh. 5 - Prob. 3ECh. 5 - Prob. 4ECh. 5 - Is it possible to draw a resonance structure of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6ECh. 5 - Prob. 7ECh. 5 - Prob. 8ECh. 5 - Phenol (shown below) has a pKa10 . a. Based on pKa...Ch. 5 - Use curved arrows to show the most likely...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12ECh. 5 - Complete each Lewis structure, draw all important...Ch. 5 - Use curved arrows to show the most likely...Ch. 5 - Construct an explanation for why sulfuric acid is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 16ECh. 5 - Prob. 17ECh. 5 - Prob. 18E
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider the pyrosulfate ion, S2O72-. It has no sulfur–sulfur nor oxygen–oxygen bonds. (a) Write a Lewis structure for the pyrosulfate ion using only single bonds. (b) What is the formal charge on the sulfur atoms for the Lewis structure you drew in part (a)? (c) Write another Lewis structure using six bonds and two O—S bonds. (d) What is the formal charge on each atom for the structure you drew in part (c)?arrow_forwardThis Lewis structure for SF5+ is drawn incorrectly. What error was made when determining the number of valence electrons?arrow_forwardFor each of the following, use formal charges to choose the Lewis formula that gives the best description of the electron distribution: a ClO2F b SO2 c ClO3arrow_forward
- Best Lewis Formula and Molecular Geometry A student writes the Lewis electron-dot formula for the carbonate anion, CO32, as a Does this Lewis formula obey the octet rule? Explain. What are the formal charges on the atoms? Try describing the bonding for this formula in valence bond terms. Do you have any difficulty doing this? b Does this Lewis formula give a reasonable description of the electron structure, or is there a better one? If there is a better Lewis formula, write it down and explain why it is better. c The same student writes the following resonance description for CO2: Is there something wrong with this description? (What would you predict as the geometries of these formulas?) d Is one or the other formula a better description? Could a value for the dipole moment help you decide? e Can you write a Lewis formula that gives an even better description of CO2? Explain your answer.arrow_forwarda. How many sticks did you need to make the skeleton structure?____________ b. How many sticks are left over? ____________ If your model is to obey the octet rule, each ball must have four sticks in it except for hydrogen atom balls, which need and can only have one. Each atom in an octet rule species is surrounded by four pairs of electrons. c. How many holes remain to be filled? ____________ Fill them with the remaining sticks, which represent nonbonding electron pairs. Draw the complete Lewis structure for NH2Cl using lines for bonds and pairs of dots for nonbonding electrons.arrow_forwardLight of appropriate wavelength can break chemical bonds. Light having λ < 240 nm can dissociate gaseous O2. It requires light with λ < 819 nm to dissociate gaseous H2O2 to 2 OH. Assume that all of the photon energy is used solely for these dissociations. (a) Calculate the energy required to dissociate (i) O2 and (ii) H2O2. (b) Consider the results of part (a). How well do they correlate with the Lewis structures of O2 and H2O2? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Nitrosyl azide, N4O, is a pale yellow solid first synthesized in 1993. Write the Lewis structure for nitrosyl azide.arrow_forwardFor a molecule of XeCl3H a) Draw the Lewis structure then predict the shape of the compound and draw the shape of the compound b) Determine if the molecule is polar or nonpolar and explain how you made that determination. If there is a dipole moment, draw it.arrow_forward2. a. The Pauling scale of electronegativity is based upon bond dissociation energies, D, and involves using the equation DAB = (DAz × Dg2)"² + A . For what process does A represent the energy? How is A related to electronegativities? b. The electronegativities of H, S, and O are 2.2, 2.58, and 3.44 respectively. Explain the fact that the HOH bond angle in H,O is 104.5 ° while the HSH bond angle in H,S is only 92.1° i. based upon relative electronegativities and ii based upon atomic orbital hybridization.arrow_forward
- Part 4: 4a. Draw the best Lewis structure for the CH3COOH (acetic acid) molecule. (Hint: the acidic H is bonded to O in an oxy-acid molecule). Evaluate each atom using formal charge to prove you have the best structure. Show your math work as well as your formal charge answers. 4b. Draw all the resonance structures for the CH3COO- (acetate ion). (Hint: make sure you have the best initial structure first!)arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure for NO2, including any valid resonance structures. Which of the following statements is TRUE? O a. The nitrite ion contains two N-O single bonds. O b. The nitrite ion contains two N=O double bonds. Oc. The nitrite ion contains two N-O bonds that are equivalent to 1 bonds. O d. The nitrite ion contains one N-O single bond and one N=O double bond. O e. None of the other choices is correctarrow_forwardDraw one BEST Lewis structure for the generic molecule XY4Z. Don't worry about resonance structures. Include all formal charges. Element X is the least electronegative. EN values: X = 3.0, Y = 3.5, Z = 4.0. For neutral atoms, element X has 8 valence electrons and element Y has 7, and Z has 6. The highest occupied principal energy level of the central atom is greater than 2. Is the measured/approximate bond angle(s) equal to, less than, or greater than the angle predicted by VSEPR theory? Briefly explain why (in ~1 sentence). Draw the best wedge-dash structure and add dipole moments (if applicable). If there is a net dipole moment, draw it. If not, write “nonpolar."arrow_forward
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