Concept explainers
Interpretation: The reason that explains bicarbonate is not a strong base should be determined.
Concept introduction: Lewis structure is a representation of molecules in which dots are shown to represent unshared electrons and lines are shown to represent bonds. These lines and dots represent distribution of electrons in the molecule.
When one single structure is unable to describe all the properties of a single-molecule, a phenomenon called resonance comes into play. This arises when two or more than two Lewis structures are possible for one molecule. All such structures are called resonating structures and have same placement of atoms in them but these have different locations of bond pairs and lone pairs. The resonating structures are inter-convertible with each other. The resultant of all the resonating or contributing structures is called the resonance hybrid.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- Select the single best answer. For the following molecule, indicate the positive and negative ends of the dipole, using the symbol →→→→. Refer to a table of the Pauling electronegativity scale as needed. HF The arrow points to the left. The arrow points to the right.arrow_forwardDraw a complete lewis structure for the CONJUGATE ACID of Nitromethane (condensed formula CH3NOOH). Draw a complete lewis structure that shows all bonds, unshared electron pairs, and minimized formal charges where appropriate.arrow_forwardThe structure of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is shown below. As the name indicates, the molecule is somewhat acidic. Actually, one of the hydrogens on the four OH groups is much more acidic than the other three ones. Which one is the acidic hydrogen? Hints: To find the answer, you will again have to draw some resonance structures of the product formed after loss of H+. Consider the product after the loss of H+ for each of the OH groups. Only two of the OH groups have resonance structures after deprotonation; one of these two groups has a much better resonance structure than the other one (again after deprotonation). Note that the oxygen atom that is part of the five-membered ring has nothing to do with the problem.arrow_forward
- Draw an important Lewis Structure showing formal charges and all valence electrons for the anion radical of maleic acid (first intermediate of the mechanism).arrow_forwardWrite an equation for the reaction of CH3 SCH3 with BF3, a Lewis acid, and show by the use of curved arrows how the reaction occurs. • Show all hydrogen atoms that are not attached to a carbon atom. Apply formal charges where appropriate. Assign lone pairs and radical electrons where appropriate. • Use the "starting points" menu to revert to the original molecule(s) shown. • Draw the appropriate electron-flow arrows. • Omit+ signs between structures. ● ● CH3 | :S: | CH3 == starting points == ↑ TAYY : F کر ? ChemDoodleⓇarrow_forwardConsider the incomplete structure shown. Draw an alternative Lewis (resonance) structure for the incomplete structure. Show the unshared electron pairs and nonzero formal charges in your structure. Don't use radicals. Determine the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in the structure. If the atom is formally neutral, indicate a charge of zero.arrow_forward
- One way of naming alcohols is to name the alkyl group that is attached to the −OH and add the word alcohol. Write bond-line formulas for (a.) propyl alcohol and (b.) isopropyl alcohol.arrow_forwardCompare these two structures. [0=C=N] [0=C—N: Determine whether the two represent resonance contributors of a single species or depict different substances. If two structures are not resonance contributors, explain why. Select the single best answer. O The two structures are resonance contributors of the same species. The two structures are not resonance contributors because they contain different numbers of electrons. The two structures are not resonance contributors because they contain different bond orders. O The two structures are not resonance contributors because they contain bond orders having integer values. The two structures are not resonance contributors because each structure is present in its most stable (lowest energy) configuration. The two structures are not resonance contributors because they have different arrangements of atoms. X Śarrow_forwardIn the following Lewis structure of [(CH3)2OH]*, every atom, bond and lone pair is positioned. To complete the structure, drag the formal charge tags to the appropriate atom(s). Each marker may be used more than once, or not at all. If an atom has a formal charge of zero, do not drag a tag to it. When you drag the marker in, place the little crosshairs in the upper left corner of the marker directly over the atom(s) in question (not above them). H. H-C Н-С-О-С-Н C-H H HH 2- II 2-arrow_forward
- Determine the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in each of the structures. NH3 NH2 H2N-OH E All nonbonding electrons are shown. What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure A? structure B? + What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure C? structure D? + What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure E? structure F? What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in structure G?arrow_forwardWrite a Lewis structure for formaldehyde, HC(=O)H, showing all valence electrons. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. Explicitly draw all H atoms. • Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. ● TAYY Sn [Farrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure of the missing reactant. Make sure to include lone pairs and non-zero formal charges. HCl + CI + CH;CH,OH Click and drag to start drawing a structure. toarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning