Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780618974122
Author: Andrei Straumanis
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 16E
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most acidic hydrogen in pair of molecules given below should be circled. Also, molecule that haslower value of pKa in pair should be determined.

  Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry, Chapter 5, Problem 16E

Concept introduction:Lewis structure is representation of molecule in which dots are shown to represent unshared electrons and lines are shown to represent bonds. These lines and dots represent distribution of the electrons in the molecule.

When one single structure is unable to describe all the properties of single molecule, a phenomenon called resonance comes into play. This arises when two or more than two Lewis structures are possible for one molecule. All such structures are called resonating structures and have same placement of atoms in them but these have different locations of bond pairs and lone pairs. The resonating structures are inter-convertible with each other. The resultant of all the resonating or contributing structures is called the resonance hybrid.

Rules to form resonance structure are as follows:

1. Use arrow types 1 and 2 for resonance structure of anions in movement of negative charge.

2. Use only arrow type 3 to move a positive charge for resonance structure of cations.

3. The sigma bond should not be broken. Any atom must not move from its place and total number of electrons must be same in all resonance structures.

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Rank the bases below in order of increasing basicity.
Rank the following compounds from most basic to least basic. Briefly explain your reasoning which may include the use of pKa values. In case you can't read them those are all negative 1 charges in the small circles. NH A B
Br NH₂ OH NH₂ CH3 A/RO/exception Circle the more acidic compound and determine the effect responsible for such observation using ARIO methods, or if its an exception to the rule. Please explain thanks.

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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry

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