Chapter 4, Problem 12STP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of protons, number of neutrons and number of electrons are to be calculated for each isotope.

Concept introduction:

An atom is made up of three subatomic particles, proton, neutron and electron. Proton is positively charged, neutron is zero charged and electron is negatively charged.

Isotope is the same number of protons and electrons but has a different number of neutrons in an atom of the same element.

Answer to Problem 12STP

There are 10 protons and 10 electrons in each isotope. The number of neutron for isotope $Ne$, $Ne$, $Ne$ is 10, 11 and 12 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

Characteristics of naturally occurring neon isotopes:

Isotope	Atomic Number	Mass (amu)	Percent Abundance
$Ne$	10	$19.992$	$90.48$
$Ne$	10	$20.994$	$0.27$
$Ne$	10	$21.991$	$9.25$

To calculate the protons, electrons and neutrons, use the following formula:

$\begin{array}{l}Numberofproton=AtomicNumber\\ Numberofelectron=AtomicNumber\\ Numberofneutrons=Atomicmass-numberofprotons\end{array}$

Thus,

Isotope	Number of protons	Number of electrons	Number of neutrons
$Ne$	10	10	$20-10=10$
$Ne$	10	10	$21-10=11$
$Ne$	10	10	$22-10=12$

Conclusion

Thus, the table for number of protons, electrons and neutrons for each isotope is given above.