Chapter 4, Problem 33A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Democritus’s proposal of the existence of atom was based on the scientific methods or ideas needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Any substance that has mass and occupies space by having a fixed volume is matter. Everything that exists is a matter for example, table, chair, coins, etc.

Answer to Problem 33A

Democritus’s theory was based on the ideas and no experimental evidence.

Explanation of Solution

Greek philosopher Democritus proposed the concept that matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles. The hypothesis stated that:

• Atoms move through empty space.
• They are solid, indestructible, homogenous and indivisible in nature.
• Different atoms have different sizes and shapes.
• The properties of matter are determined on the size, shape and movement of the atom.

This hypothesis was based on the ideas and no scientific study was done. As a result, theproposal was criticized and ignored.

Conclusion

Democritus had proposed theory based only on the ideas and not any experimental or scientific proof.