Chapter 4, Problem 92A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: 

This is to be explained how the J. J. Thomson’s concluded that atoms were composed of subatomic particles based on the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron.

Concept introduction:

 

By performing the cathode ray experiment, J. J. Thomson shows that subatomic particles are protons, neutrons, and electron. The electron charge-to-mass ratio is determined by the acceleration of electronic beam in the electric field and the magnetic field. This is denoted by e/m ratio. 

Answer to Problem 92A

The J. J. Thomson demonstrated the three subatomic particles electron, protons, and neutrons by the cathode ray experiment. The charge-to-mass ratio is calculated by the positive and negative properties of the particle.

Explanation of Solution

In the cathode ray experiment, the measurement of the deflection of the beam in a magnetic or electric field is done. The charge-to-mass ratio of the particle is calculated by this experiment, where the like charges repel each other and the opposite charge attract each other. So the result is that the negative charged particle is known as an electron, and the positive charge particle is a proton. The number of protons in the atomic number of the element.

Conclusion

The atoms are composed of three subatomic particles, they are electron, proton, and neutron. The electrical nature of this particle plays an important role in finding the charge-to-mass ratio.