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A 2-mm-diameter electrical wire is insulated by a 2-mm-thick rubberized sheath
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
- 1.10 A heat flux meter at the outer (cold) wall of a concrete building indicates that the heat loss through a wall of 10-cm thickness is . If a thermocouple at the inner surface of the wall indicates a temperature of 22°C while another at the outer surface shows 6°C, calculate the thermal conductivity of the concrete and compare your result with the value in Appendix 2, Table 11.arrow_forwardA 3 inch schedule 40 pipe is covered with two layers of insulations. The inner layer (k1 = 0.050) is 2 inches thick and the outer layer (k2 = 0.037) is 1(1/4) inches thick. Calculate the heat loss, in Btu/hr per unit length, if the outer surface temperature of the pipe is 670°F and the outer surface temperature of the outer layer of insulation is 100°F.arrow_forwardCalculate the heat loss through a 100-ft² wall with an inside temperature of 65°F and an outside temperature of 35°F. Assume the exterior wall is composed of 2- in. of material having a 'k' factor of 0.80, and 2-in. of insulation having a conductance of 0.16. RTotal = 8.75 & Q = 342-Btu/hr RTotal = 9.2 & Q = 399-Btu/hr RTotal = 8.75 & Q = 399-Btu/hr RTotal = 9.2 & Q = 342-Btu/hr Hide hint for Question 3 Utilize the (RTotal = 1/C + x1/k1) equation.arrow_forward
- A steel pipe (k = 48 W/m∙K) of a heating system carries wet steam at 120 °C. The inner and outer diameters of the pipe are 15 cm and 16 cm respectively. The pipe is insulated on the outside with rockwool insulation (k = 0.05 W/m∙K) of thickness 8 cm. The ambient air temperature is 32 °C. The outside heat transfer coefficient is 20 W/m2∙K. The thermal resistance between the inner pipe surface and the steam is negligible. Calculate the rate of heat flow (in W) from the steam to the ambient over a 5 m length of pipe. calculate the temperature (in °C) of the outer surface of the insulation. calculate the rate of condensation of steam (in kg/hr) over the 5-m length of pipe if the latent heat of steam is 2200 kJ/kg.arrow_forwardAn electric cable consists of an inner core and an outer protection layer. The shape of the cable can be approximated as a cylinder. The diameter of the inner core is D1 = 1.6 cm and the total diameter of the cable is D2 = 2 cm. The thermal conductivities for the cable inner core and outer layer are k = 50 W/m·K and k = 0.1 W/m·K, respectively. The electric current in the inner core causes a volumetric thermal energy generation rate of q ̇ = 10^(6) W/(m^(3)) . The cable is placed in an air crossflow of u∞ = 2 m/s and T∞ = 300 K. The air in the film around the cylinder has a kinematiccrossflow of u∞ = 2 m/s and T∞ = 300 K. The air in the film around the cylinder has a kinematic viscosity of ν = 2 × 10^(−5 )(m^2)/s, thermal conductivity of kf = 0.025 W/m · K, and Prandtl number of Pr=0.7. Assume one-dimensional and steady-state conduction heat transfer along the radial direction of the cable cross section. Perform heat transfer analysis for a section of the cable with length L = 10 cm.…arrow_forwardqo =4x107 W/m3 heat is produced in a spherical shaped radioactive material with a diameter of R = 0.2 m. The heat produced is released from the spherical surface to the environment in a stable regime. Thus, the temperature on the surface is kept constant at T=80°C The heat transmission coefficient of the object is given as k = 15W / m ° C. The temperature of the spherical body changes only in the radial direction. (T = T (r)). The distribution of temperature in a spherical body: =0 It is defined in the form. T, a) Obtain the temperature distribution T (r). b) Determine the boundary conditions. Find the maximum temperature. (Tmax)arrow_forward
- An insulated steam pipe located where the ambient temperature is 32 °C, has an inside diameter of 50mm with 10mm thick wall. The outside diameter of the asbestos insulation is 125 mm and the heat transfer coefficient of still air, h0 = 12 W/m2·K. Inside the pipe is steam having a temperature of 150 °C with heat transfer coefficient of hi =6000 W/m2·K. Thermal conductivity of pipe and the asbestos insulation are 45 and 0.12 W/mK respectively. (a) Draw a schematic for this problem, (b) draw the thermal resistance network, and (c) determine the heat loss per unit length of pipe. Please solve completely and correct. Also please answer a and b.arrow_forwardA pizza oven has an interior temperature of 250◦C and the outside ambient kitchen temperature is 25◦C. The oven is made of brick 20 cm thick of thermal conductivity kb = 1 W/m/K. It is covered with an insulating material 1 cm thick of conductivity ki = 0.05 W/m/K. The heat transfer coefficient at the insulation surface is h = 15 W/m2/K, while the heat transfer coefficient at the inner surface of the oven has a very large value. Assume a planar (slab) geometry. Determine (a The heat flux from the oven(b If the heat flux is to be reduced to 400 W/m2, what additional thickness of insulation will be required?arrow_forward1.A carpenter builds an exterior house wall with a layer of wood 3.0 cm thick on the outside and a layer of Styrofoam insulation 2.2 cm thick on the inside wall surface. The wood has a thermal conductivity of 0.080 W/(m⋅K), and the Styrofoam has a thermal conductivity of 0.010 W/(m⋅K). The interior surface temperature is 19.0°C, and the exterior surface temperature is −10.0°C. (a) What is the temperature at the plane where the wood meets the Styrofoam? (b) What is the rate of heat flow per square meter through this wall?arrow_forward
- A copper pipe that carries refrigerant at - 20 ° C has an outer diameter of 10 mm and is exposed to air at 25 ° C whose coefficient of heat transfer by air convection is h = 50 W/(m ^ 2 • K) . It is proposed to apply insulation with a conductivity of k = 0.5 W/ (m • K). Determine the thickness beyond which heat transfer to the pipe will be reduced. Calculate the heat transfer for insulation thicknesses of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mm, for this consider a section of pipe 1 m long. %3Darrow_forwardA cylindrical pipe is made up of two materials. The inner material A, which has thermal conductivity of ka, has inner radius ra and outer radius re. On the other hand, the outer material B, which has thermal conductivity of kb, has inner radius re and outer radius rb. Contact resistance between the two materials is known to be hc. The temperature at the inner radius of material A (at ra) is Ta, while the temperature at the outer radius of material B (at ri) is T3. Find an expression for the temperature at the inner radius of material B (at r.) in terms of the given variables.arrow_forwardQuestion 6 A steel pipe (k = 48 W/m-K) of a heating system carries wet steam at 120 °C. The inner and outer diameters of the pipe are 15 cm and 16 cm respectively. The pipe is insulated on the outside with rockwool insulation (k = 0.05 W/m K) of thickness 8 cm. The ambient air temperature is 32 °C. The outside heat transfer coefficient is 20 W/m2-K. The thermal resistance between the inner pipe surface and the steam is negligible. Calculate the rate of heat flow (in W) from the steam to the ambient over a 5 m length of pipe. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Add your answer Follow-up question to Question 6, calculate the temperature (in °C) of the outer surface of the insulation. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Add your answer Follow-up question to Question 6, calculate the rate of condensation of steam (in kg/hr) over the 5-m lenzth of pipe if the latent heat of steam is 2200 k/kg. Rc und your answer to 2 decimal places. Add your answerarrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning