Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780470917855
Author: Bergman, Theodore L./
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 3.46P
Consider the water heater described in Problem 1.48. We now wish to determine the energy needed to compensate for heat losses incurred while the water is stored at the prescribed temperature of
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
1. A closed container filled with hot coffee as shown below is in a room whose air and walls are at fixed
temperature much lower than the coffee. Identify all heat transfer process that contributes to cooling of
the coffee. Draw schematics, make necessary assumptions (black body, thickness, materials and
convection coefficient) and find the heat flux and temperature of all points of heat transfer if the
temperature of coffee and outside surrounding is at 95°C and 28°C respectively.
Hot
coffee
Cover
Air space
Plastic flask
As part of your work-study program at HTU, you successfully got a student job at your local ‘BEST-BURGER-IN-TOWN’ to help pay your own tuition and expenses. Since cylindrical frozen burger patties are cooked when placed on a hot stainless-steel cooking top, you like to think of the case as a conduction problem:a. Write down the appropriate general heat conduction equation that describes the cooking of those beef patties.b. Clearly state all assumptions.c. After cancelling the proper terms, write down the final energy equation for the patties.Do not solve for temperature distribution or heat transfer.
Parts A & B SOLVE CAREFULLY!! Please Write Clearly and Box the final Answer(s) and label them
Chapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Ch. 3 - Consider the plane wall of Figure 3.1, separating...Ch. 3 - A new building to be located in a cold climate is...Ch. 3 - The rear window of an automobile is defogged by...Ch. 3 - The rear window of an automobile is defogged by...Ch. 3 - A dormitory at a large university, built 50 years...Ch. 3 - In a manufacturing process, a transparent film is...Ch. 3 - The walls of a refrigerator are typically...Ch. 3 - A t=10-mm -thick horizontal layer of water has a...Ch. 3 - A technique for measuring convection heat transfer...Ch. 3 - The wind chill, which is experienced on a cold,...
Ch. 3 - Determine the thermal conductivity of the carbon...Ch. 3 - A thermopane window consists of two pieces of...Ch. 3 - A house has a composite wall of wood, fiberglass...Ch. 3 - Consider the composite wall of Problem 3.13 under...Ch. 3 - Consider a composite wall that includes an...Ch. 3 - Work Problem 3.15 assuming surfaces parallel to...Ch. 3 - Consider the oven of Problem 1.54. The walls of...Ch. 3 - The composite wall of an oven consists of three...Ch. 3 - The wall of a drying oven is constructed by...Ch. 3 - The t=4-mm-thick glass windows of an automobile...Ch. 3 - The thermal characteristics of a small, dormitory...Ch. 3 - In the design of buildings, energy conservation...Ch. 3 - When raised to very high temperatures. many...Ch. 3 - A firefighter's protective clothing, referred to...Ch. 3 - A particular thermal system involves three objects...Ch. 3 - A composite wall separates combustion gases at...Ch. 3 - Approximately 106 discrete electrical components...Ch. 3 - Two stainless steel plates 10 mm thick are...Ch. 3 - Consider a plane composite wall that is composed...Ch. 3 - The performance of gas turbine engines may be...Ch. 3 - A commercial grade cubical freezer, 3 m on a side,...Ch. 3 - Physicists have determined the theoretical value...Ch. 3 - Consider a power transistor encapsulated in an...Ch. 3 - Ring-porous woods, such as oak, are characterized...Ch. 3 - A batt of glass fiber insulation is of density...Ch. 3 - Air usually constitutes up to half of the volume...Ch. 3 - Determine the density, specific heat, and thermal...Ch. 3 - A one-dimensional plane wall of thickness L is...Ch. 3 - The diagram shows a conical section fabricated...Ch. 3 - A truncated solid cone is of circular cross...Ch. 3 - From Figure 2.5 it is evident that, over a wide...Ch. 3 - Consider a tube wall of inner and outer radii ri...Ch. 3 - Measurements show that steady-state conduction...Ch. 3 - A device used to measure the surface temperature...Ch. 3 - A steam pipe of 0.12-m outside diameter is...Ch. 3 - Consider the water heater described in Problem...Ch. 3 - To maximize production and minimize pumping costs....Ch. 3 - A thin electrical heater is wrapped around the...Ch. 3 - A stainless steel (AISI 304) tube used to...Ch. 3 - A thin electrical heater is inserted between a...Ch. 3 - A 2-mm-diameter electrical wire is insulated by a...Ch. 3 - Electric current flows through a long rod...Ch. 3 - A composite cylindrical wall is composed of two...Ch. 3 - An electrical current of 700 A flows through a...Ch. 3 - A 0.20-m-diameter. thin-walled steel pipe is used...Ch. 3 - An uninsulated. thin-walled pipe of 100-mm...Ch. 3 - Steam flowing through a long. thin-walled pipe...Ch. 3 - A storage tank consists of a cylindrical section...Ch. 3 - Consider the liquid oxygen storage system and the...Ch. 3 - A spherical Pyrex glass shell has inside and...Ch. 3 - In Example 3.6. an expression was derived for the...Ch. 3 - A hollow aluminum sphere. with an electrical...Ch. 3 - A spherical tank for storing liquid oxygen on the...Ch. 3 - A spherical, cryosurgical probe may be imbedded in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.70PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.71PCh. 3 - A composite spherical shell of inner radius...Ch. 3 - The energy transferred from the anterior chamber...Ch. 3 - The outer surface of a hollow sphere of radius r2...Ch. 3 - A spherical shell of inner and outer radii r1 and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.76PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.77PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.78PCh. 3 - The air inside a chamber at T,i=50C is heated...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.80PCh. 3 - A plane wall of thickness 0.1 m and thermal...Ch. 3 - Large, cylindrical bales of hay used to feed...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.83PCh. 3 - Consider one-dimensional conduction in a plane...Ch. 3 - Consider a plane composite wall that is composed...Ch. 3 - An air heater may be fabricated by coiling...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.87PCh. 3 - Consider uniform thermal energy generation inside...Ch. 3 - A plane wall of thickness and thermal conductivity...Ch. 3 - A nuclear fuel element of thickness 21, is covered...Ch. 3 - In Problem 3.79 the strip heater acts to guard...Ch. 3 - The exposed surface (x=0) of a plane wall of...Ch. 3 - A quartz window of thickness L serves as a viewing...Ch. 3 - For the conditions described in Problem 1.44....Ch. 3 - A cylindrical shell of inner and outer radii, ri...Ch. 3 - The cross section of a long cylindrical fuel...Ch. 3 - A long cylindrical rod of diameter 200 mm with...Ch. 3 - A radioactive material of thermal conductivity k...Ch. 3 - Radioactive wastes are packed in a thin-walled...Ch. 3 - Radioactive wastes (ktw=20W/mK) are stored in a...Ch. 3 - Unique characteristics of biologically active...Ch. 3 - Consider the plane wall, long cylinder, and sphere...Ch. 3 - One method that is used to grow nanowires...Ch. 3 - Consider the manufacture of photovoltaic silicon,...Ch. 3 - Copper tubing is joined to a solar collector plate...Ch. 3 - A thin flat plate of length L thickness t. and...Ch. 3 - The temperature of a flowing gas is to be measured...Ch. 3 - A thin metallic wire of thermal conductivity k,...Ch. 3 - A motor draws electric power Pelec from a supply...Ch. 3 - Consider the fuel cell stack of Problem 158. The...Ch. 3 - Consider a rod of diameter D, thermal conductivity...Ch. 3 - A carbon nanotube is suspended across a trench of...Ch. 3 - A probe of overall length L=200mm and diameter...Ch. 3 - A metal rod of length 2L diameter D, and thermal...Ch. 3 - A very long rod of 5-mm diameter and uniform...Ch. 3 - From Problem 1.71, consider the wire leads...Ch. 3 - Turbine blades mounted to a rotating disc in a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.127PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.128PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.129PCh. 3 - A brass rod 100 mm long and 5 mm in diameter...Ch. 3 - The extent to which the tip condition affects the...Ch. 3 - A pin fin of uniform. cross-sectional area is...Ch. 3 - The extent to which the tip condition affects the...Ch. 3 - A straight tin fabricated from 2024 aluminum alloy...Ch. 3 - Triangular and parabolic straight tins are...Ch. 3 - Two long copper rods of diameter D=10mm are...Ch. 3 - Circular copper rods of diameter D=1mm and length...Ch. 3 - During the initial stages of the growth of the...Ch. 3 - Consider two long, slender rods of the same...Ch. 3 - A 40-mm-long, 2-mm-diameter pin fin is fabricated...Ch. 3 - An experimental arrangement for measuring the...Ch. 3 - Finned passages are frequently formed between...Ch. 3 - The fin array of Problem 3.142 is commonly found...Ch. 3 - An isothermal silicon chip of width W=20mm on a...Ch. 3 - As seen in Problem 3.109, silicon carbide...Ch. 3 - A homeowner's wood stove is equipped with a top...Ch. 3 - Water is heated by submerging 50-mm-diameter,...Ch. 3 - As a means of enhancing heat transfer from...Ch. 3 - Consider design B of Problem 3.151. Over time....Ch. 3 - Determine the percentage increase in heat transfer...Ch. 3 - Aluminum fins of triangular profile are attached...Ch. 3 - An annular aluminum fin of rectangular profile is...Ch. 3 - Annular aluminum fins of rectangular profile are...Ch. 3 - It is proposed to air-cool the cylinders of a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.165PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.166PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.168PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.173PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.174PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.175PCh. 3 - A nanolaminated material is fabricated with an...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 2.7 A very thin silicon chip is bonded to a 6-mm thick aluminum substrate by a 0.02-mm thick epoxy glue. Both surfaces of this chip-aluminum system are cooled by air at , where the convective heat transfer coefficient of air flow is . If the heat dissipation per unit area from the chip is under steady-state conditions, draw the thermal circuit for the system and determine the operating temperature of the chip.arrow_forwardBoth ends of a 0.6-cm copper U-shaped rod are rigidly affixed to a vertical wall as shown in the accompanying sketch. The temperature of the wall is maintained at 93C. The developed length of the rod is 0.6 m, and it is exposed to air at 38C. The combined radiation and convection heat transfer coefficient for this system is 34W/m2K. (a) Calculate the temperature of the midpoint of the rod. (b) What will the rate of heat transfer from the rod be?arrow_forward2.42 A circumferential fin of rectangular cross section, 3.7-cm OD and 0.3 cm thick, surrounds a 2.5-cm- diameter tube as shown below. The fin is constructed of mild steel. Air blowing over the fin produces a heat transfer coefficient of K. If the temperatures of the base of the fin and the air are and , respectively, calculate the heat transfer rate from the fin.arrow_forward
- One end of a 0.3-m-long steel rod is connected to a wall at 204C. The other end is connected to a wall that is maintained at 93C. Air is blown across the rod so that a heat transfer coefficient of 17W/m2 K is maintained over the entire surface. If the diameter of the rod is 5 cm and the temperature of the air is 38C, what is the net rate of heat loss to the air?arrow_forward1.4 To measure thermal conductivity, two similar 1-cm-thick specimens are placed in the apparatus shown in the accompanying sketch. Electric current is supplied to the guard heater, and a wattmeter shows that the power dissipation is 10 W. Thermocouples attached to the warmer and to the cooler surfaces show temperatures of 322 and 300 K, respectively. Calculate the thermal conductivity of the material at the mean temperature in W/m K. Problem 1.4arrow_forwardA square silicon chip 7mm7mm in size and 0.5-mm thick is mounted on a plastic substrate as shown in the sketch below. The top surface of the chip is cooled by a synthetic liquid flowing over it. Electronic circuits on the bottom of the chip generate heat at a rate of 5 W that must be transferred through the chip. Estimate the steady-state temperature difference between the front and back surfaces of the chip. The thermal conductivity of silicon is 150 W/m K. Problem 1.6arrow_forward
- A section of a composite wall with the dimensions shown below has uniform temperatures of 200C and 50C over the left and right surfaces, respectively. If the thermal conductivities of the wall materials are: kA=70W/mK,kB=60W/mK, kC=40W/mK, and kP=20W/mK, determine the rate of heat transfer through this section of the wall and the temperatures at the interfaces. Repeat Problem 1.34, including a contact resistance of 0.1 K/W at each of the interfaces.arrow_forwardA hollow sphere with inner and outer radii of R1 and R2, respectively, is covered with a layer of insulation having an outer radius of R3. Derive an expression for the rate of heat transfer through the insulated sphere in terms of the radii, the thermal conductivities, the heat transfer coefficients, and the temperatures of the interior and the surrounding medium of the sphere.arrow_forwardA section of a composite wall with the dimensions shown below has uniform temperatures of 200C and 50C over the left and right surfaces, respectively. If the thermal conductivities of the wall materials are: kA=70W/mK,kB=60W/mK, kC=40W/mK, and kD=20W/mK, determine the rate of heat transfer through this section of the wall and the temperatures at the interfaces.arrow_forward
- 3.38 An egg, which for the purposes of this problem is assumed to be a 5-cm-diameter sphere having the thermal properties of water, is initially at a temperature of . It is immersed in boiling water at for 15 min. The heat transfer coefficient from the water to the egg is assumed to be . What is the temperature of the egg center at the end of the cooking period?arrow_forward6. A furnace wall consists of 250 mm fiber brick,125 mm insulating brick, and 250 mm building brick. The inside wall is at a temperature of 600°C and the atmospheric temperature is 20°C. Calculate the heat loss per m' of wall area and the temperature of the outside wall surface of the furnace and the temperature at each interface throughout the wall. The heat transfer coefficient for the outside surface is 10 W/m² °k and the thermal conductivities of the fiber brick, insulating brick and the building brick are 1.4,0.2 and 0.7 W/m.°C respectively.arrow_forwardThe steady-state temperature distribution in a one-dimensional wall of thermal conductivity 50 W/m -K and thickness 50 mm is observed to be T(°C) = a + bx, where a = 200 °C, b=-2000 °C/m², and x is in meters. i. ii. What is the heat generation rate in the wall? (8) Determine the heat fluxes at the two wall faces. In what manner are these heat fluxes related to the heat generation rate? (arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781305387102
Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Refrigeration Cycle Explained - The Four Major Components; Author: HVAC Know It All;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfciSvOZDUY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY