Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated. Concept introduction: Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid . They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals. The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH 2 , and NADH are produced in this reaction. The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 25, Problem 25.23EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “a molecule of ADP is produced” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The activated fatty acid-CoA that is formed after the activation of the fatty acid molecule in the oxidation process of fatty acids is called acyl CoA.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “the site for the process is the outer mitochondrial membrane” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “two ATP molecules are consumed”is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 25, Problem 25.23EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “a molecule of ADP is produced” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The activated fatty acid-CoA that is formed after the activation of the fatty acid molecule in the oxidation process of fatty acids is called acyl CoA.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “the site for the process is the outer mitochondrial membrane” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “two ATP molecules are consumed”is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 25, Problem 25.23EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “a molecule of ADP is produced” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The activated fatty acid-CoA that is formed after the activation of the fatty acid molecule in the oxidation process of fatty acids is called acyl CoA.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “the site for the process is the outer mitochondrial membrane” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “two ATP molecules are consumed”is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 25, Problem 25.23EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “a molecule of ADP is produced” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The activated fatty acid-CoA that is formed after the activation of the fatty acid molecule in the oxidation process of fatty acids is called acyl CoA.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “the site for the process is the outer mitochondrial membrane” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “two ATP molecules are consumed”is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 25, Problem 25.23EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “a molecule of ADP is produced” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The activated fatty acid-CoA that is formed after the activation of the fatty acid molecule in the oxidation process of fatty acids is called acyl CoA.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “the site for the process is the outer mitochondrial membrane” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “two ATP molecules are consumed”is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

Answer 6

Chapter 25, Problem 25.23EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Answer 7

Chapter 25, Problem 25.23EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “CoA-SH is a reactant” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “a molecule of ADP is produced” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The activated fatty acid-CoA that is formed after the activation of the fatty acid molecule in the oxidation process of fatty acids is called acyl CoA.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “a molecule of ADP is produced” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The activated fatty acid-CoA that is formed after the activation of the fatty acid molecule in the oxidation process of fatty acids is called acyl CoA.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “the site for the process is the outer mitochondrial membrane” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “the site for the process is the outer mitochondrial membrane” is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “two ATP molecules are consumed”is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the statement “two ATP molecules are consumed”is true or false relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to the β-oxidation pathway has to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Fatty acids are molecules that are long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They are building blocks of fat in humans and animals.

The fatty acids are broken down to provide energy. The breakdown of fatty acids is a three parts process. In the first part, the fatty acid is activated. In the second part, the transportation of fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix is facilitated by a shuttle mechanism. In the third part, the fatty acid is readily oxidized, cycling through a series of four reactions. In these series of reactions, acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA. This pathway is termed as the β-oxidation pathway. Acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and NADH are produced in this reaction.

The first stage of fatty acid oxidation is the activation of fatty acids in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule is the energy currency of life that provides energy to carry out the metabolic processes in the living cells.

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 25.1 - Which of the following statements about digestion...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 25.1 - The major function of bile released during...Ch. 25.1 - The two major products of triacylglycerol...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 5QQ Ch. 25.2 - Hormone-sensitive lipase needed for...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 25.2 - Which of the following is not a product of...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 25.3 - What is the intermediate compound in the two-step...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the statement "CoA-SH is a reactant" is true relating to the fatty acid activation process that occurs prior to -oxidation pathway.

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Chapter 25 Solutions