Chapter 22, Problem 78A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation- To draw the structural formula of $\text{3,4-dimethyl-3-hexene}$

Concept Introduction-

Structural formula is representation of molecule that shows arrangement of atoms and bonds.

Steps to draw the structural formula:

1. Analyse the type of hydrocarbon using suffix in name.
2. Prefixes indicate the type of substituents and the number of each substituent. The number indicate the position of substituent
3. Start with drawing all the carbon -carbon bonds.
4. Carbon hydrogen bonds are not shown.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{3,4-dimethyl-3-hexene}$. The parent carbon chain has six carbon atoms with one double bond on third carbon atom. It has two methyl substituents on third and fourth carbon atom. The structure can be drawn as:

  

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation- To draw the structural formula of $\text{1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane}$

Concept Introduction-

Structural formula shows the arrangement of bonds between atoms of a molecule,

Steps to draw the structural formula:

1. Analyse the type of hydrocarbon using suffix in name.
2. Prefixes indicate the type of substituents and the number of each substituent. The number indicate the position of substituent
3. Start with drawing all the carbon -carbon bonds.
4. Carbon hydrogen bonds are not shown using dash line.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound $\text{1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane}$

has five carbon chain with one double at second carbon atom. It has one ethyl group at first carbon. The structure can be drawn as:

  

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation- To draw the structural formula of $\text{5,5-dipropyldecane}$

Concept Introduction-

Structural formula is representation of molecule that shows arrangement of atoms and bonds.

Steps to draw the structural formula:

1. Analyse the type of hydrocarbon using suffix in name.
2. Prefixes indicate the type of substituents and the times of each substituent. The number indicate the position of substituent
3. Start with drawing all the carbon -carbon bonds.
4. Carbon hydrogen bonds are understood.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{5,5-dipropyldecane}$

which has ten carbona tom sin parent chain. It has two same propyl substituents at the fifth carbon atom. The structure can be shown as: