Chapter 22.1, Problem 10LC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Complete structural formulas for Octane is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction: When more than 2 Carbon atoms are connected like the links of a chain, they are called straight-chain alkanes.

Answer to Problem 10LC

Structural formula for Octane

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

Explanation of Solution

Draw eight Carbon atoms in a row, then to show Carbon-Carbon bonds, they should be put in lines.

Carbon with 8 atoms

C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C

Enough covalent bonds are to be added to give each Carbon a total of 4 bonds.

Finally, add Hydrogen to fill out the Carbon-Hydrogen bonds.

Carbon with 8 atoms

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Complete structural formulas for 3-ethyl hexane is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction: When more than 2 Carbon atoms are connected like the links of a chain, they are called straight-chain alkanes.

Answer to Problem 10LC

Structural formula for 3-ethyl hexane

  

Explanation of Solution

Draw 6 Carbon atoms in a row, then to show Carbon-Carbon bonds, they should be put in lines.

Carbon with 6 atoms

C-C-C-C-C-C

Add Ethyl on Carbon-3 and Hydrogens to fill out the Carbon-Hydrogen bonds.

Structural formula for 3-ethyl hexane