Chapter 19.4, Problem 42LC

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The complete balanced equation for the acid-base reaction is to be written and described.

Concept Introduction : Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

Answer to Problem 42LC

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between sulphuric acid and potassium hydroxide is given as ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{+}2\text{KOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{K}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(s\right)\text{+}2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ .

Explanation of Solution

For each element participating in the reaction, a chemical equation is balanced if it has an equal atom count on the product and reactant sides.

The acid-base reaction takes place between sulphuric acid and potassium hydroxide giving potassium sulfate salt and water.

  ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{KOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{K}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(s\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

The completed balanced reaction is given below:

  ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{+}2\text{KOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{K}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(s\right)\text{+}2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The complete balanced equation for the acid-base reaction is to be written and described.

Concept Introduction : Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

Answer to Problem 42LC

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide is given as ${\text{2H}}_3{\text{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{+}3\text{Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Ca}}_3{\left({\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\text{+}6{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ .

Explanation of Solution

For each element participating in the reaction, a chemical equation is balanced if it has an equal atom count on the product and reactant sides.

The acid-base reaction that takes place between phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide gives calcium phosphate salt and water.

  ${\text{H}}_3{\text{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Ca}}_3{\left({\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

The completed balanced reaction is given below:

  ${\text{2H}}_3{\text{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{+}3\text{Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Ca}}_3{\left({\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\text{+}6{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The complete balanced equation for the acid-base reaction is to be written and described.

Concept Introduction : Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

Answer to Problem 42LC

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between nitric acid and magnesium hydroxide is given as ${\text{2HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to \text{Mg}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\text{+}2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ .

Explanation of Solution

For each element participating in the reaction, a chemical equation is balanced if it has an equal atom count on the product and reactant sides.

The acid-base reaction that takes place between nitric acid and magnesium hydroxide gives magnesium nitrate salt and water.

  ${\text{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to \text{Mg}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

The completed balanced reaction is given below:

  ${\text{2HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(aq\right)\to \text{Mg}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\text{+}2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$