Chapter 19.3, Problem 33LC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The chemical equation for the dissociation of acid in water is to be written and described.

Concept Introduction : Acids are substances that contain hydrogen and ionize to produce hydrogen ions $\left({\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\right)$ in an aqueous solution.

Answer to Problem 33LC

The reaction of nitric acid in an aqueous solution is given as

  ${\text{HNO}}_3+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\to {\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{+}+{\text{NO}}_3^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is nitric acid.

The dissociation of nitric acid in water is given as

  ${\text{HNO}}_3+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\to {\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{+}+{\text{NO}}_3^{-}$

Nitric acid is a strong acid and it is completely ionized in an aqueous solution.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The chemical equation for the dissociation of acid in water is to be written and described.

Concept Introduction : Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 33LC

The reaction of ethanoic acid in an aqueous solution is given as

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{CH}}_3{\text{COO}}^{-}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{+}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is ethanoic acid.

The dissociation of ethanoic acid in water is given as

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{CH}}_3{\text{COO}}^{-}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{+}\left(aq\right)$

Ethanoic acid is a weak acid and it is not completely ionized in an aqueous solution.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The chemical equation for the dissociation of base in water is to be written and described.

Concept Introduction : Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 33LC

The reaction of ammonia in an aqueous solution is given as

  ${\text{NH}}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{NH}}_4^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The given base is ammonia.

The dissociation of ammonia in water is given as

  ${\text{NH}}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{NH}}_4^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Ammonia is a weak base and it is not completely ionized in an aqueous solution.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The chemical equation for the dissociation of base in water is to be written and described.

Concept Introduction : Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 33LC

The reaction of magnesium hydroxide in an aqueous solution is given as

  $\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\to {\text{Mg}}^{2+}+2{\text{OH}}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

The given base is magnesium hydroxide.

The dissociation of magnesium hydroxide in water is given as

  $\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\to {\text{Mg}}^{2+}+2{\text{OH}}^{-}$

Magnesium hydroxide is a strong base and it is completely ionized in an aqueous solution.