Chapter 19.2, Problem 12SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The pH of the solution containing $0.045\text{ M}$ hydrogen ion concentration needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a given solution, pH can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Here, $\left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$ is the hydrogen ion concentration.

Explanation of Solution

The given concentration of hydrogen ion is $0.045\text{ M}$ .

The pH of the solution can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Substitute the values,

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{pH}=-\log \left(0.045\right)\\ =1.35\end{array}$

Thus, the pH of the solution is 1.35.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The pH of the solution containing $8.7\times {10}^{-6}\text{ M}$ hydrogen ion concentration needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a given solution, pH can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Here, $\left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$ is the hydrogen ion concentration.

Explanation of Solution

The given concentration of hydrogen ion is $8.7\times {10}^{-6}\text{ M}$ .

The pH of the solution can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Substitute the values,

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{pH}=-\log \left(8.7\times {10}^{-6}\right)\\ =5.06\end{array}$

Thus, the pH of the solution is 5.06.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The pH of the solution containing 0.0015 M hydrogen ion concentration needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a given solution, pH can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Here, $\left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$ is the hydrogen ion concentration.

Explanation of Solution

The given concentration of hydrogen ion is 0.0015 M.

The pH of the solution can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Substitute the values,

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{pH}=-\log \left(0.0015\right)\\ =2.82\end{array}$

Thus, the pH of the solution is 2.82

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The pH of the solution containing $1.2\times {10}^{-3}\text{ M}$ hydrogen ion concentration needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: For a given solution, pH can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Here, $\left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$ is the hydrogen ion concentration.

Explanation of Solution

The given concentration of hydrogen ion is $1.2\times {10}^{-3}\text{ M}$ .

The pH of the solution can be calculated as follows:

  $\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}^{+}\right]$

Substitute the values,

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{pH}=-\log \left(1.2\times {10}^{-3}\right)\\ =2.92\end{array}$

Thus, the pH of the solution is 2.92.