Chapter 19, Problem 85A

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The formula and name of the conjugate acid of each Bronsted-Lowry base are to be written.

Concept Introduction : The adjective conjugate is used to differentiate the reactants from the products of the forward reaction. This word's root is a Latin verb that means "to connect together."

Answer to Problem 85A

The formula and name of the conjugate acid are ${\text{HClO}}_2$ and chlorous acid respectively.

Explanation of Solution

When a base picks up a hydrogen ion, a conjugate acid is created as an ion or molecule.

The given acid is ${\text{ClO}}_2^{-}$ .

The base gains a hydrogen ion which is given below:

  ${\text{ClO}}_2^{-}+{\text{H}}^{+}\to {\text{HClO}}_2$

  ${\text{HClO}}_2$ is the conjugate acid since it is formed by the picking up of hydrogen ions.

The name of it is chlorous acid.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The formula and name of the conjugate acid of each Bronsted-Lowry base are to be written.

Concept Introduction : The adjective conjugate is used to differentiate the reactants from the products of the forward reaction. This word's root is a Latin verb that means "to connect together."

Answer to Problem 85A

The formula and name of the conjugate acid are ${\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$ and hydronium ion respectively.

Explanation of Solution

When a base picks up a hydrogen ion, a conjugate acid is created as an ion or molecule.

The given acid is ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ .

The base gains a hydrogen ion which is given below:

  ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}+{\text{H}}^{+}\to {\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

  ${\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$ is the conjugate acid since it is formed by the picking up of hydrogen ions.

The name of it is hydronium ion.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The formula and name of the conjugate acid of each Bronsted-Lowry base are to be written.

Concept Introduction : The adjective conjugate is used to differentiate the reactants from the products of the forward reaction. This word's root is a Latin verb that means "to connect together."

Answer to Problem 85A

The formula and name of the conjugate acid are ${\text{H}}_3{\text{PO}}_4$ and phosphoric acid respectively.

Explanation of Solution

When a base picks up a hydrogen ion, a conjugate acid is created as an ion or molecule.

The given acid is ${\text{H}}_2{\text{PO}}_4^{-}$ .

The base gains a hydrogen ion which is given below:

  ${\text{H}}_2{\text{PO}}_4^{-}+{\text{H}}^{+}\to {\text{H}}_3{\text{PO}}_4$

  ${\text{H}}_3{\text{PO}}_4$ is the conjugate acid since it is formed by the picking up of hydrogen ions.

The name of it is phosphoric acid.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The formula and name of the conjugate acid of each Bronsted-Lowry base are to be written.

Concept Introduction : The adjective conjugate is used to differentiate the reactants from the products of the forward reaction. This word's root is a Latin verb that means "to connect together."

Answer to Problem 85A

The formula and name of the conjugate acid are ${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$ and ammonium ions respectively.

Explanation of Solution

When a base picks up a hydrogen ion, a conjugate acid is created as an ion or molecule.

The given acid is ${\text{NH}}_3$ .

The base gains a hydrogen ion which is given below:

  ${\text{NH}}_3+{\text{H}}^{+}\to {\text{NH}}_4^{+}$

  ${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$ is the conjugate acid since it is formed by the picking up of hydrogen ions.

The name of it is ammonium ion.