Chapter 19.1, Problem 1SP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The Lewis acid and the Lewis base are to be identified.

Concept Introduction : Lewis' research on bonding produced a new understanding of acids and bases. The Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases are all included in the Lewis definition.

Answer to Problem 1SP

The Lewis acid and the Lewis base are ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ respectively.

Explanation of Solution

According to Lewis, during a reaction, an acid takes in a pair of electrons and a base indicates a pair of electrons.

A material that can receive two electrons to create a covalent bond is known as a Lewis acid.

A chemical known as a Lewis base can signify a pair of electrons to create a covalent bond.

Consider the reaction:

  ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\to {\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$

  ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ act as a Lewis acid and ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ act as a Lewis base.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The Lewis acid and the Lewis base are to be identified.

Concept Introduction : Lewis' research on bonding produced a new understanding of acids and bases. The Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases are all included in the Lewis definition.

Answer to Problem 1SP

The Lewis acid and the Lewis base are ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ respectively.

Explanation of Solution

According to Lewis, during a reaction, an acid takes in a pair of electrons and a base indicates a pair of electrons.

A material that can receive two electrons to create a covalent bond is known as a Lewis acid.

A chemical known as a Lewis base can signify a pair of electrons to create a covalent bond.

Consider the reaction:

  ${\text{AlCl}}_3+{\text{Cl}}^{-}\to {\text{AlCl}}_4^{-}$

  ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ act as a Lewis acid and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ act as a Lewis base.