Chapter 19, Problem 105A

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The resulting solution is to be predicted when hydrochloric acid is titrated with sodium hydroxide.

Concept Introduction : Acids are substances that contain hydrogen and ionize to produce hydrogen ions $\left({\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\right)$ in an aqueous solution. Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 105A

The resulting solution will be neutral in nature.

Explanation of Solution

Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

The nature of the solution at the equivalent point depends upon the nature of acids and bases that reacts.

  $\text{HCl}$ is titrated with $\text{NaOH}$ , there is formation of salt $\text{NaCl}$ and water.

  $\text{HCl}\text{+}\text{NaOH}\to \text{NaCl}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Since the titration takes place between strong acid and strong base, the resulting solution will be neutral.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The resulting solution is to be predicted when sodium hydroxide is titrated with hydrochloric acid.

Concept Introduction : Acids are substances that contain hydrogen and ionize to produce hydrogen ions $\left({\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\right)$ in an aqueous solution. Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 105A

The resulting solution is neutral in nature.

Explanation of Solution

Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

The nature of the solution at the equivalent point depends upon the nature of acids and bases that reacts.

  $\text{NaOH}$ is titrated with $\text{HCl}$ , there is formation of salt $\text{NaCl}$ and water.

  $\text{HCl}\text{+}\text{NaOH}\to \text{NaCl}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Since the titration takes place between strong acid and strong base, the resulting solution will be neutral.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The resulting solution is to be predicted when acetic acid is titrated with sodium hydroxide.

Concept Introduction : Acids are substances that contain hydrogen and ionize to produce hydrogen ions $\left({\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\right)$ in an aqueous solution. Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 105A

The resulting solution is basic in nature.

Explanation of Solution

Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

The nature of the solution at the equivalent point depends upon the nature of acids and bases that reacts.

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}$ is titrated with $\text{NaOH}$ , there is formation of salt ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COONa}$ and water.

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}\text{+}\text{NaOH}\to {\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COONa}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Since the titration takes place between weak acid and strong base, the resulting solution will be basic.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The resulting solution is to be predicted when ammonia is titrated with hydrochloric acid.

Concept Introduction : Acids are substances that contain hydrogen and ionize to produce hydrogen ions $\left({\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\right)$ in an aqueous solution. Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 105A

The resulting solution is acidic in nature.

Explanation of Solution

Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

The nature of the solution at the equivalent point depends upon the nature of acids and bases that reacts.

  ${\text{NH}}_3$ is titrated with $\text{HCl}$ , there is formation of salt ${\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl}$ .

  ${\text{NH}}_3\text{+}\text{HCl}\to {\text{NH}}_4\text{Cl}$

Since the titration takes place between strong acid and weak base, the resulting solution will be acidic.

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The resulting solution is to be predicted when acetic acid is titrated with ammonia.

Concept Introduction : Acids are substances that contain hydrogen and ionize to produce hydrogen ions $\left({\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\right)$ in an aqueous solution. Bases are substances that ionize in aqueous solutions to produce hydroxide ions $\left({\text{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .

Answer to Problem 105A

The resulting solution is basic in nature.

Explanation of Solution

Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

The nature of the solution at the equivalent point depends upon the nature of acids and bases that reacts.

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}$ is titrated with ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ , there is formation of acetate ion and ammonium ion.

  ${\text{NH}}_3\text{+}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}\to {\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COO}}^{-}+{\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{+}}$

Since the titration takes place between weak acid and weak base, the resulting solution will be basic.