Chapter 19, Problem 91A

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The equation for the reaction of magnesium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid is to be written.

Concept Introduction : Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

Answer to Problem 91A

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium hydroxide is given as $\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\text{+}2\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{MgCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\text{+}2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ .

Explanation of Solution

For each element participating in the reaction, a chemical equation is balanced if it has an equal atom count on the product and reactant sides.

The acid-base reaction takes place between magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid giving magnesium chloride and water.

  $\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{MgCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

The completed balanced reaction is given below:

  $\text{Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\text{+}2\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{MgCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\text{+}2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid is to be written.

Concept Introduction : Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

Answer to Problem 91A

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate is given as ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)\text{+}2\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{CaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)+{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$ .

Explanation of Solution

For each element participating in the reaction, a chemical equation is balanced if it has an equal atom count on the product and reactant sides.

The acid-base reaction takes place between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid giving calcium chloride and water with carbon dioxide gas.

  ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{CaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)+{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

The completed balanced reaction is given below:

  ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)\text{+}2\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{CaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)+{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The equation for the reaction of aluminum hydroxide with hydrochloric acid is to be written.

Concept Introduction : Salt and water are created when bases and acids react.

A strong acid and strong base react completely to form a neutral solution. A neutralization reaction is a name for this kind of reaction.

Answer to Problem 91A

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide is given as $\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}3\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ .

Explanation of Solution

For each element participating in the reaction, a chemical equation is balanced if it has an equal atom count on the product and reactant sides.

The acid-base reaction takes place between aluminum hydroxide and hydrochloric acid giving aluminum chloride and water.

  $\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

The completed balanced reaction is given below:

  $\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}3\text{HCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{+}3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$