a.
Interpretation: To explain the easiest theory of acid and base.
Concept Introduction: Acid is any substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions while a base is a substance.
a.
Answer to Problem 97A
The easiest method of understanding acid and base is the Bronsted-Lowry concept.
Explanation of Solution
As per
As per Bronsted-Lowry’s concept, acids are substances that are proton donors while the proton acceptors are known as bases.
When a substance accepts a pair of electrons in order to form a new bond, it is known as Lewis acid while a substance that donates a pair of electrons to form a bond is known as Lewis base.
The easiest theory to understand acid and base is the Bronsted-Lowry concept.
b.
Interpretation: To explain how these explanations are accepted by chemists.
Concept Introduction: Acid is any substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions while a base is a substance.
b.
Answer to Problem 97A
All these explanations about acids and bases are useful in chemical industries.
Explanation of Solution
As per Arrhenius’s theory, acids are substances consisting of hydrogen that dissociates in water to produce protons while base consists of hydroxide that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions.
As per Bronsted-Lowry’s concept, acids are substances that are proton donors while the proton acceptors are known as bases.
When a substance accepts a pair of electrons in order to form a new bond is known as Lewis acid while a substance that donates a pair of electrons to form a bond is known as Lewis base.
All three theories are accepted by chemists as the explanation for acid and the base is correct if one considers any of these theories.
But mostly, chemists also follow Bronsted-Lowry’s concept.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Chemistry 2012 Student Edition (hard Cover) Grade 11
- Rank the following compounds most to least acidic: a) О OH 요애 OH .OH flow flow О F F F F OH F b) Ha EN-Ha CI Ha F F CI Haarrow_forwarda) b) Provide arrows to show the mechanisms and then predict the products of the following acid base reaction. Use pKas to determine which way the reaction will favor (Hint: the lower pka acid will want to dissociate) Дон OH Ha OH NH2 c) H H-O-Harrow_forwardMATERIALS. Differentiate between interstitial position and reticular position.arrow_forward
- For each of the following, indicate whether the arrow pushes are valid. Do we break any rules via the arrows? If not, indicate what is incorrect. Hint: Draw the product of the arrow and see if you still have a valid structure. a. b. N OH C. H N + H d. e. f. مه N COHarrow_forwardDecide which is the most acidic proton (H) in the following compounds. Which one can be removed most easily? a) Ha Нь b) Ha Нь c) CI CI Cl Ha Ньarrow_forwardProvide all of the possible resonanse structures for the following compounds. Indicate which is the major contributor when applicable. Show your arrow pushing. a) H+ O: b) c) : N :O : : 0 d) e) Оarrow_forward
- Draw e arrows between the following resonance structures: a) b) : 0: :0: c) :0: N t : 0: بار Narrow_forwardDraw the major substitution products you would expect for the reaction shown below. If substitution would not occur at a significant rate under these conditions, check the box underneath the drawing area instead. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds where necessary, for example to distinguish between major products. Note for advanced students: you can assume that the reaction mixture is heated mildly, somewhat above room temperature, but strong heat or reflux is not used. Cl Substitution will not occur at a significant rate. Explanation Check :☐ O-CH + Х Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardDraw the major substitution products you would expect for the reaction shown below. If substitution would not occur at a significant rate under these conditions, check the box underneath the drawing area instead. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds where necessary, for example to distinguish between major products. Note for advanced students: you can assume that the reaction mixture is heated mildly, somewhat above room temperature, but strong heat or reflux is not used. Cl C O Substitution will not occur at a significant rate. Explanation Check + O-CH3 Х Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward
- ✓ aw the major substitution products you would expect for the reaction shown below. If substitution would not occur at a significant rate under these conditions, check the box underneath the drawing area instead. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds where necessary, for example to distinguish between major products. Note for advanced students: you can assume that the reaction mixture is heated mildly, somewhat above room temperature, but strong heat or reflux is not used. C Cl HO–CH O Substitution will not occur at a significant rate. Explanation Check -3 ☐ : + D Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Privacy Cearrow_forwardPlease correct answer and don't used hand raitingarrow_forwardDon't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solutionarrow_forward
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