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Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a
Answer to Problem 1TYK
Correct answer:
Posttranscriptional regulation.
Explanation of Solution
Justification for the correct answer:
Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Justification for the incorrect answers:
Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.
So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.
Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
- Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Eukaryotic Transcription: A. Occurs in the cytoplasm B. Pol II has 12 subunits C. Pol III transcribes tRNA genes D. It’s controlled by Cis-acting sequences E. Leads to specialization of cell functionarrow_forwardArrange the statements in their proper order by writing the corresponding letter (e.g. A) for each statement in the space provided below. A. The single-stranded RNA would complement the target RNA. B. Gene expression is inactivated once the mRNA is no longer accessible for translation. C. The risk-induced silencing complex which is composed of RNA and protein subunits is formed. D. Double-stranded, non-coding RNA is cleaved by Dicer. E. The mRNA can be cleaved or remain bound by the RISC. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.arrow_forwardDifferential RNA splicing may result in: a. A shift in the ratio of mRNA produced from two neighboring genes b. Inversion of exons in the mature mRNA c. Production of the same protein from two different genes d. Production of two different proteins with different properties from a single genearrow_forward
- Transcriptional repressor proteins (e.g., lac repressor), antisense RNA, and feedback inhibition are three different mechanisms that turn off the expression of genes and gene products. Which of these three mechanisms will be most effective in each of the following situations? A. Shutting down the synthesis of a polypeptide B. Shutting down the synthesis of mRNA C. Shutting off the function of a protein For your answers to parts A–C that list more than one mechanism, which mechanism will be the fastest or the most efficient?arrow_forwardWithin a cell, the amount of protein made using a given mRNA molecule depends partly on A. the presence of certain transcription factors. B. the rate at which the mRNA is degraded. C. the degree of DNA methylation. D. the number of introns present in the mRNA. please explain which is correct and incorrect and whyarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. promoter b. consensus sequence c. operon d. chromatin-remodeling complex e. general transcription factorsarrow_forward
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- Genetic expression in general can be regulated at various stages. Identify specific processes that control gene expression at the: a. transcription level - b. post-transcription level - c. translation level -arrow_forwardIf a cell's DNA was mutated such that it lost the promoter of a gene, you would expect: a. That ribosomes wouldn’t bind to that gene b. No effect since the promoter doesn't have any coding information for the amino acids in the polypeptide c. Ribosomes would never stop translating that gene d. Transcription factors for that gene would no longer bind to activate expression of that gene e. tRNA would no longer bind to the codons of that genearrow_forwardWhich of the following may produce more than one functional protein from an mRNA transcript?a. chromatin condensation b. transcriptional regulation c. epigeneticsd. alternative mRNA processingarrow_forward
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College