Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 8TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Every organism has a definite body pattern. There are two classes of genes, namely, housekeeping genes and expression genes, which control the development of body parts of an organism. These are maternal effect genes and segmentation genes. These genes encode proteins that regulate the gene expression.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Another way to study the role of proteins (e.g., transcription factors) that function in development is to microinject the mRNA that encodes a protein, or the purified protein itself, into an oocyte or embryo, and then determine how this affects the subsequent development of the embryo, larva, and adult. For example, if Bicoid protein is injected into the posterior region of an oocyte, the resulting embryo will develop into a larva that has anterior structures at both ends. Based on your understanding of the function of each developmental gene, what would be the predicted phenotype if the following proteins or mRNAs were injected into normal oocytes?
A. Nanos mRNA injected into the anterior end of an oocyte
B. Antp protein injected into the posterior end of an embryo
C. Toll mRNA injected into the dorsal side of an early embryo
What is the difference between a maternal-effect gene and a zygotic gene? Of the following genes that play a role in Drosophila development, which are maternal-effect genes and which are zygotic? Explain your answer.
A. nanos
B. Antp
C. bicoid
D. lab
In an embryo from a homozygous Bicoid mutant female,which class(es) of gene expression is (are) abnormal?a. Gap genesb. Pair-rule genesc. Segment-polarity genesd. Hox genes
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 16.1 - Suppose the lacl gene is mutated so that the Lac...Ch. 16.1 - Answer the equivalent question for the trp operon:...Ch. 16.2 - What is the role of histones in gene expression?...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 16.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 16.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 3SBCh. 16.5 - Prob. 4SBCh. 16 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16 - For the E. coli lac operon, when lactose is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 16 - Discuss Concepts In a mutant strain of E. coli,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 16 - Design an experiment using rats as the model...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 16 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 16 - Prob. 3ITDCh. 16 - Prob. 4ITD
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Developmental genes are often highly conserved. However, organisms with very similar genes can appear quite different. How is this possible? A. The genes may usually undergo mutation during development, resulting in the production of varied proteins in individual cells. B. If an identical gene is turned on at different stages in development, it can have very different effects. C. Even if genes are quite similar, they always produce proteins with different functions. D. If the genes are very similar, they must always be expressed similarly (at similar times in development) but may sometimes still have varying effects.arrow_forwardFor the Igf2 gene, where do de novo methylation and maintenancemethylation occur?a. De novo methylation occurs in sperm, and maintenancemethylation occurs in egg cells.b. De novo methylation occurs in egg cells, and maintenancemethylation occurs in sperm cells.c. De novo methylation occurs in sperm, and maintenancemethylation occurs in somatic cells of offspring.d. De novo methylation occurs in egg cells, and maintenancemethylation occurs in somatic cells of offspring.arrow_forwardIn mammals, males have X and Y sex chromosomes, while females have two Xs. While the Y sex chromosome has very few genes associated with it, the X sex chromosome has many that are important to maintain life. How do mammals account for this in terms of equaling out gene expression levels? A. Mammals do not need to account for this, but birds do. B. Females produce more proteins from X-linked genes than males do. C. The single X of the males works twice as hard to keep up with the female’s two Xs. D. The females have one X inactivated to permit the males to keep pace with them.arrow_forward
- At birth a child has got blue eyes, but now his/her eyes turn brown. Which of the following statements would best explain the observed phenomena? A. The child does not have brown pigment at birth B. Eye’s colour at birth is affected by mother’s gene C. Gene repressor for brown pigment produced is not yet active D. Gene activatior for brown pigment production is not yet active at birth E. All of the above statements are falsearrow_forwardA key event that initially determines female or male development in Drosophila is the a. transcription of the Sxl gene. b. alternative splicing of the Sxl pre-mRNA. c. expression of the ix gene. d. expression of the her gene.arrow_forwardIn flies developing from eggs laid by a nanos−mother, development of the abdomen is inhibited.Flies developing from eggs that have no maternallysupplied hunchback mRNA are normal. Flies developing from eggs laid by a nanos− mother that alsohave no maternally supplied hunchback mRNA arenormal. If too much Hunchback protein accumulatesin the posterior of the egg, abdominal developmentis prevented.a. What do these findings say about the function ofthe Nanos protein and of the hunchback maternallysupplied mRNA?b. What do these findings say about the efficiency ofbiological processes that are subject to evolution?arrow_forward
- Pax-6 is a gene that is involved in eye formation in many invertebrates, such as Drosophila. Pax-6 is also found in vertebrates. A Pax-6 gene from a mouse can be expressed in a fly and the protein (PAX-6) leads to a compound fly eye. This information suggests which of the following? a. PAX-6 proteins have identical amino acid sequencesb. Pax-6 genes are identical in nucleotide sequencec. PAX-6 proteins are different for formation of different kinds of eyesd. Pax-6 is highly conserved and shows shared evolutionary ancestryarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is incorrect? a. Some gene expression patterns can be passed to an individual's offspring. b. Expression of a master regulator triggers a gene expression cascade. c. X chromosome inactivation is necessary for normal development of male mammals.arrow_forwardAccording to the Lyon hypothesis,a. one of the X chromosomes is converted to a Barr body insomatic cells of female mammals.b. one of the X chromosomes is converted to a Barr body in allcells of female mammals.c. both of the X chromosomes are converted to Barr bodies insomatic cells of female mammals.d. both of the X chromosomes are converted to Barr bodies inall cells of female mammals.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is FALSE about x chromosome inavtivation in mammals? A. It relies on chromatic remodeling B. It leads to the formation of Barr body. C. It only occurs in males. D. It involves histone modificationarrow_forwardIn a female human cell, what would be the effect on X inactivation if SİRNAS that eliminate the products of the Tsix gene are added? Select one: a. One of the two X chromosomes would become inactivated. b. Both of the X chromosomes would become inactivated. c. Neither of the X chromosomes would become inactivated. d. Only the maternal X chromosome would become inactivated. e. Only the paternal X chromosome would become inactivated.arrow_forwardMolecular geneticists have performed experiments in which they altered the number of copies of the bicoid gene in flies, affecting the amount of Bicoid protein produced. a. What would be the effect on development of an increased number of copies of the bicoid gene? b. What would be the effect of a decreased number of copies of bicoid? Justify your answers.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Mechanisms of Genetic Change or Evolution; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FE8WvGzS4Q;License: Standard Youtube License